Hovda R. Morphofunctional features of the skeleton bones of animals during adaptation and re-adaptation of organism to extracellular excoxicosis, depending to types of the autonomic nervous system

Thesis deals with peculiarities of the regularities of adaptive transformations in long bones of the skeleton adapted to extracellular dehydration of animals under the conditions of the modeling of severe extracellular dehydration and investigation of the usefulness of regenerative processes in the recovery period, depending to state of the vegetative nervous system of experimental animals. Based on the results of a complex morphological study, the features of structural restructuring and changes in the mineral composition of the long bones of skeleton are established in adaptation to extracellular dehydration and in accordance with the type of autonomic nervous regulation. It is proved that the main manifestation of adaptation is an increase in the mass fraction of osteotropic microelements with losses of moisture and macronutrient composition of bone tissue. Remodeling of bone tissue is aimed at increasing the capacity of vascular channels (connective and central osteon), reducing the mass and volume fraction of components to maintain energy supply and metabolism in the main divisions. It is noted that this type of adaptation is most pronounced in animals with parasympathetic and normotonic types of autonomic nervous regulation. It was found that the smallest destructive changes in the long bones of the skeleton of adapted animals in the severe stage of exsicosis are characteristic of animals with a parasympathetic type of autonomic regulation. New morphological data were obtained about destructive effect of the dehydration factor on the epiphyseal cartilage and bone tissue and a direct correlation was established between the duration of the dehydrating factor and the depth of destructive changes that are more pronounced in animals with the sympatheticotonic ANS titre. More active processes of regeneration in the bone tissue were revealed in animals with parasympathicotony in the early and delayed periods of readaptation. Branch - medicine.