Sergeyev L. Seed productivity of winter wheat depending on fertilization and plant protection in Southern Ukraine

Object of study – the elements of the technology of cultivating culture have been improved by establishing an optimal scheme for the application of mineral fertilizers in conjunction with plant protection. Aim – improvement of the technology of growing winter wheat seeds after various predecessors, using fertilizers and protecting plants in non-irrigated conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods – field – to monitor the phases of plant development, determination of their biometric indices, seed productivity and harvest accounting; laboratory – an analysis of plant and soil samples to determine the content of the main nutrients, the determination of the quality of the seeds and the structure of the crop; statistical – for conducting dispersion, correlation and regression analysis of the evaluation of research results; calculation-comparative – to establish the economic and energy efficiency of elements of the technology of growing winter wheat seeds. Results – The optimized technological system for the application of fertilizers and plant protection has been determined and recommended for production, which, after non-precursor predecessors, yields 4-5 t/ha of wheat seeds at rational use of resources. Scientific and methodical recommendations for production are developed. It is led to as a result of researches, that in the unirrigation terms South Ukraine for the receipt of productivity of seed of wheat of winter over 4-5 t/ha, providing of high his quality, maximal economic and power efficiency it is necessary to rear a culture on technology which foresees basic by bringing of mineral fertilizers in a dose N90R40 and conducting of the integrated protection of plants. It is better to bring in the nitric fertilizers in two terms – N30 under per sowing cultivation, and other – early in spring to renewal of vegetation. The terms of bringing of nitric fertilizers must be corrected depending on humidity soil in autumn and systems of protection of plants. Novelty – for the first time, the technology of cultivating winter wheat seeds with optimized fertilizer and plant protection systems has been scientifically grounded for southern conditions in Ukraine. The influence of the investigated factors on the growth and development of the culture, formation of the root system and aboveground mass after various precursors was established. The positive effect of fertilizers and plant protection products on the phytosanitary condition of seed crops is proved. The scientific value – the elements of the technology of cultivating culture have been improved by establishing an optimal scheme for the application of mineral fertilizers in conjunction with plant protection. Sector – agriculture.