Kachkovska N. Architectural forgery of the late 19th – early 20th century in the artistic heritage of Ivano-Frankivsk.

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Candidate of Sciences (CSc)

State registration number

0419U000346

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 17.00.06 - Декоративне і прикладне мистецтво

17-01-2019

Specialized Academic Board

К 20.051.08

SHEE "Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk"

Essay

In the dissertation on the basis of the chosen methodology, the rich factual material, the analysis of statistical data, the preconditions of the wide use of artistic metal in architecture were defined and the evolutionary picture of the formation, development, and decline of the architectural blacksmith of Stanislavov within the mentioned period was recreate.The details of the architectural blacksmithing of Ivano-Frankivsk at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries were clarified and supplemented. The common trends in the development of the architectural blacksmith of Stanislavov at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century were traced on the basis of functional-typological and stylistic analysis. and architectural metalwork of other cities of Eastern Galicia and Central Europe of the same period. The attribution of a significant number of public and residential buildings has been investigated, the degree of preservation has been established and their significance as objects of cultural heritage have been determined.For the first time, to the scientific usage environment were entered improved archival materials about production centers, professional craftsmen, blacksmiths, methods, production technology, etc. According to archival materials, concrete artistic centers of the Stanislavov's architectural blacksmithing at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century were discovered, the names of individual masters were established, information about workshops was provided.According to the results of the analysis of typological classifications of architectural and artistic metal existing in the scientific literature and implemented by field surveys, the investigated structural elements are divided into four groups. The works are classified by the facet method according to typological, compositional, stylistic features, by species, functional purpose, according to chronological features, compositional peculiarities, types of ornaments, state of preservation, etc.An important result of the research is the discovery of the leading role of the forged ornament in the figurative look of the architecture of the investigated period, which was used not as an auxiliary mean in the creation of the general composition of the facade or as an additional element in architectural details, filling in the fences, lattices, but became one of the main elements of shaping, stylistics, example of architectural work in general.For the Eastern Galicia's architecture of the beginning of the 20th century, the organizing, determining role of the architectural details, ornament, including forged was a fundamental innovation. This research, based on the example of Stanislavov's historical architectural metal, confirmed his extremely important, often dominant role in the compositional decision of the facades, perhaps for the first time in the history of the development of Ukrainian architecture.The research also proved that the metalwork of the late 19th and early 20th centuries developed in line with European architectural and artistic trends and typological, compositional, stylistic, iconographic, formal features, technique, and technology of implementation reproduced the essence of these processes. Art metal as a valuable architectural and artistic heritage of the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century defines the directions of modern blacksmith art development in Ivano-Frankivsk city.

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