Koblaj S. Breeding value of different morfotypes of peas for the conditions in the South of Ukraine

Object of study – the process of forming a resistance to lodging and productivity of different morfotipes. Aim – install the practical importance of forms of peas with reducirovannnymi leaves, stem nepolegaemym and optimal height of plants in breeding peas to increase productivity and quality seeds adapted to the conditions of the South of Ukraine when using single-phase method of harvesting. Methods – phenology and field – trials of various morfotipes indicators collection samples yield and resistance to lodging; measuring and weighing - to account for productivity, elements of its structure and morphological characteristics; selection – selection of lodging resistant varieties and breeding lines; statistical method - for processing experimental data. Results – allocated valuable samples for conditions of southern Ukraine, which consistently reproduce high level range of economic traits in different years. Set the different contributions of individual indicators in productivity in General, as well as the dynamics of dry matter accumulation at leaflles, whiskered and heterophyilous types. Proven efficiency advantage of the coefficient of resistance to lodging over the method of determining the linear density of the stem that will greatly facilitate the effectiveness of selection for resistance to lodging of a large number of breeding and collection samples. It has been proven that heterophyllous samples have a high resistance to lodging. Based on assessments of the combining ability and genetic analysis results recommended a number of varieties of hybridization. Created and transferred to the State variety testing five varieties of traits morphotype are presented is pea – Cruise as the most adapted to the arid conditions of the south of Ukraine, as well as dwarfs at the half Darunok Steppe, Pristane, White Angel and Breeze, suitable for conditions of the sSouthern Steppe and Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, which were characterized by high yield, protein content and manufacturability. The National Center for genetic resources of plants of Ukraine passed two pea lines mustachioed morphotype are presented L303-04 and L6-12, as well as two heterophillous types «chameleon» L7-12 and L8-12, which characterized by high rates of yield, seed quality and manufacturability. Novelty – for the first time in the context of the southern Ukraine assess combining ability of different varieties of peas on certain quantitative traits and productivity by using the topkrossov method. Peculiarities of accumulation of dry matter in the ontogenesis of different morfotipu cultivars of peas and defined the relationship between the height and weight of dry matter of plants. It has been established that such signs as «the height of plants», «number of productive sites», «number of beans per plant, number of seeds in a pod», «mass of seeds from plants», «mass thousands of seeds» are controlled by additive genes, and the «number of seed with plants» equally affect both additive and nonadditive genes. Highlighted samples of different peas collectible ecologic-geographical origin on the complex securities business signs for conditions in the south of Ukraine. Highlighted line mustached and geterofilnogo pea morfotipov with a high level of technology and productivity.The scientific value – resolved breeding improvements and create new forms of peas for the conditions of the south of Ukraine on the basis of theoretical synthesis and experimental study of collection samples of peas, a full topkross diagram of crossing and analysis of hybrids on economic grounds. Sector – agriculture.