Marinich L. Evaluation of collection and creation of breeding Smooth Brome Grass stock within the Ukrainian forest-steppe

The question of studying and use of collection samples in the selection process were considered. The basic valuable quantitative attributes were determined: yielding capacity, leafage, plant height, intensity of growth, height of stem and hay yield. According to the research results, the allocated collection samples with higher than standard green weight and seed yield and high content of protein in dry matter were identified. The characteristic of outgoing parent forms was presented according to the features of fodder and seed productivity and grain quality. The feature inheritance of the F 1 hybrids of Smooth Brome Grass according to the level of heterosis was studied. The effects of general combining ability (GCA) of the parental forms and the effects of specific combination ability (SCA) of their combinations on the basis of the results of the diallel analysis were presented. The genetic systems of control of the features of each breed were shown, in particular the relative contribution of dominant and recessive alleles. The hybrid combinations with high manifestation of heterosis according to the most part of the studied features were allocated – Poltavskyi 52 / Anto, Radiomutant k-7 x Anto, Radiomutant k-5 x Poltavskyi 52. As a result of the analysis of the effects of general combining ability (GCA), the samples with high indicators according to the most part of the studied features were identified.. According to the results of the analysis of the effects of general combining ability (GCA) on the elements of fodder productivity of polycross hybrids, the samples with the highest indicators were allocated. As a result of breeding work, the prospect breed of the Smooth Brome Grass “Krasen” was created, which, in compliance with the results of competitive breed testing, on average over the past 3 years exceeds the standard breed Poltavskyi 52 according to the herbage yield by 28.8%, the dry matter yield - by 27.3%, the seed yield - by 8,3%. The breed is resistant to major diseases, shedding, lodging and drought. After the slope (when providing moisture) it quickly grows back. It is practically not damaged by pests. For seed purposes it is possible to be used during 3-4 years, for the fodder purposes - up to 10 years or more. The analysis of the economic efficiency of growing the prospect breeding samples for fodder and seed purposes established their advantage in comparison with the standard Poltavskyi 52.