Haidash O. Selection of mixed germplasm for the synthesis of early-season corn hybrids

Object of the study - the features of the display of breeding traits: drought resistance, high combining ability with respect to grain yield and moisture, adaptive resistance in self-pollinated mixed plasma maize families. Purpose of the research - Creation and selection of self-pollinated lines of Mixed genoplasm, with high combinative ability and wide adaptive potential, based on special hybrids obtained from crossing the best, on basic economic-valuable traits, elite lines of different genetic plasmas, as well as formation of new geteros models corn hybrids. Research methods: general scientific: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization and systematization. Specialty: hybridization, inbreeding, individual selection, cumulative selection - in the process of creating the source material; visual - when conducting phonological observations; laboratory field - to determine the drought and heat resistance of the material; measuring and weighting - for accounting of yield and determination of metric indices of plants; mathematical and statistical - to determine the reliability of results, indicators of combinational ability, correlation dependence of traits, indicators of variation of economic values. Results: In farms of all forms of ownership, use the following maize hybrids listed in the State Register of Plants Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine: Early-ripening: DN Meotyda (FAO 190), DN Nur (FAO 170), DN Patriot (FAO 190), medium-early: DN Astra (FAO 270), DN Arho (FAO 250), DN Vidrada (FAO 240), DN Vita (270), DN Korund (FAO 250), DN Rubin (FAO 290), DN Slavytsia (FAO 270), DN Vesta (FAO 370), DN Rostok (FAO 340), medium late: DN Sofia (FAO 430), DN Olena (FAO 440), DN Rava (FAO 500). They provide a 3–5% increase in grain yields compared to standard hybrids with a lower moisture content of 1,2–2,3 %. Novelty - For the first time in Ukraine, fast-growing self-pollinated lines S4, – S6 of Mixed Genoplasm have been created, adapted to the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. A number of high-speed specimens with high combining ability with respect to grain yield and low harvesting moisture in relation to it were distinguished. The best heterosis models for competitive maturing hybrids have been identified: ((Lancaster х Lacoune) х Mix), (Lancaster х Mix), (Mix х Mix). Field: agricultural science.