Timchy K. Genеtic and phenotypic characteristics of the industrial population of earthworms of the genus Eisenia under the influence of laser irradiation

In the dissertation theoretically the possibility of using laser irradiation to increase the genetic variability of invertebrates in the formation of a population of worms of the genus Eisenia capable of biotransforming rigid substrates (soil, bottom sediments) is effectively substantiated. The intensification of the breeding process aimed at increasing the productivity of a population of worms of the genus Esenia, which specialize in the effective biotransformation of rigid substrates, is most promising with the study of intra-population characteristics based on molecular genetic markers. Using the ISSR-PCR markers S1, S2, S3, S5, UBC 873, a population-genetic analysis of experimental groups of individuals of the genus Eisenia was carried out, which enabled to prove the selective effect of laser radiation on separate sections of their genome. Among the five molecular genetic markers investigated, the markers S1 (AGC) 6C and UBS 873 (GACA) 4 were found to be the most informative to determine the influence of external factors on the micropopulation. The share of polymorphic loci by these markers was 88.9 and 76.9% respectively. Generally, 36 DNA fragments with a size of 250 to 3000 b. p. were obtained. An analysis of the electrophoregram of the protein spectrum of worm tissues has shown that laser irradiation affects the course of biochemical processes in the body of worms at the cellular level, in the groups of animals of the generation F1, who are descendants of irradiated with a laser exposing 15 minutes of parental forms, a new compound appeared protein nature weighing 16.4 kDa. An increase in the number of animals in the groups that were exposed to the laser with exposures of 15 and 25 minutes was established. Micropopulations of these groups increased in number by 2.5 times, regardless of the type of substrate. With the help of mathematical models, the effect of laser irradiation as a modifying factor on the germination of corn seeds treated with extracts after vermicultivation has been confirmed.