Kryshtal S. Workers’ faculties in the Ukrainian SSR (1920s – early 30's): creation and functional activity.

The formation and implementation of modern education policy in Ukraine, which meets the requirements of time and the level of international standards, requires consideration and study of the experience and practice of the 20-30's of the 20th century. Then, as is known, Reformation processes in the field of science and education took place that the Soviet authorities carried out on the basis of Marxist-Leninist ideology and the class principle. And one of the peculiarities of the education system in the 1920s and early 1930s was the workers’ faculties, which were supposed to fulfill the social order of Soviet government - to prepare the workers and peasants in the earliest possible time for admission to higher education. In this regard, the historical experience of training specialists in the 1920s and the lessons learned from it, make a significant scientific-cognitive and, to a certain extent, practical interest. The article studies the formation and functional activity of the workers’ faculties in the USSR in the 1920s – early 1930's. Their legal framework, principles and features of manning were studied. It was shown that the workers’ faculties were organized essentially according to the branch principle at the profile industrial-technical, agricultural (agrarian), medical institutes and institutes of public education. Along with workers’ faculties functioning at the day time was created a kind of network of faculties working in the evening, which was financially and economically beneficial for the Communist Party authorities. With the gradual quantitative growth of the workers’ faculties, organizational and normative-legal principles of their functioning were formed, and the system of internal management and control was established. Enrollment of workers and peasants to the workers’ faculties was carried out under a simplified program or without exams in the presence of recommendations of the Komsomol, Communist's party or trade union organizations. At the same time, strictly adhered the party-class principle, which prevailed members of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine, the Komsomol members, members of trade unions, workers and peasants among the rest of the audience.