1. The object of research: the phenomenon of motherhood as part of the personal sphere
the purpose: theoretical study and empirical study of individual-personality characteristics of women in the postpartum stage of maternity development.
methods: In order to solve the set research problems, the following were used in the work: theoretical methods, methods of psychological diagnostics and methods of mathematical processing. Theoretical: problem-logical method, induction, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, systematization, classification, modeling.
Empirical: conversation, questioning, testing. NEO-FFI Big Five questionnaire, self-esteem scale of personal anxiety was used to study the individual sphere. Spielberger; for the study of conscious settings (declarative level) - SF-36 Health Status Survey quality of life assessment methodology, PARI ES method. Schaefer and R.K. Bell; for the study of unconscious installations - the color test of the attitudes of AM Etkind, for the study of the psycho-emotional sphere - the method of diagnostics of professional and parental anxiety according to AM Prikhoyan (form B), the eight-color test of M. Lusher, the test "pointing the color to dissatisfaction with one's own body »(SART), for the assessment of social resources - scale of social coping resources ST. Yabiku, D.V. Farun, and a specially designed questionnaire.
Mathematical statistics: calculation of descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, r Spearman correlation coefficient, V Cramer criterion, Sommer d criterion, Mann-Whitney U criterion, Wilcoxon criterion, Z-criterion criterion multiple linear regression, exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis, structural equation modeling. The mathematical analysis of the empirical data was carried out using the statistical software packages IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0.0, IBM SPSS Amos 23.0.0, and R 3.5.0.
novelty: the dynamics of unconscious attitudes, the psycho-emotional state of women and the attitude to living conditions in the postpartum period have been examined; there are four factors that characterize the scope of unconscious attitudes of women in the postpartum period: subject-subject installations; emotionally-positive settings, anxious - phobic settings, self-actualization settings; the opposite tendencies in the settings of the unconscious and the conscious are established; it has been demonstrated that constructive unconscious attitudes that are in dialectical unity ensure that the proper orientation of the entire life of the mother is an indication of formation of adequate relationships between mother, child and the environment; two generalized patterns of emotional response in postpartum of women are established: “forced concealment of emotions” and “emotional lability”;
- it is specified that authoritarian upbringing of the child is connected with emotional burnout of mothers in the postpartum period; no pronounced depressive symptoms in women in the postpartum period of maternity development has been revealed; women who have not yet given birth have been shown to have higher levels of personal anxiety; and success is perceived more positively by women who gave birth;
