Yurchenko T. Vegetational and climate changes in the Bukovyn i a n foreland of the Carpathians and the Transcarpathia during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene (based on pollen data from geo archaeological site s).

The pollen study of the Upper Pleistocene deposits from the geoarchaeological sites of the Bukovynian foreland of the Carpathian Mountains and Transcarpathia allows to reveal the short term stages of vegetational development and climatic changes du ring the Kaydaky (the last interglacial), Pryluky (the early glacial), Uday (the early pleniglacial), Vytachiv (the middle pleniglacial), Bug and Dofinivka (the late pleniglacial) and Prych о rnmoria (the Late Glacial) times. Temperate broad leaved forestco vered the studied are as during the climatic optima of the last interglacial, which were wetter and warmer than now. The hazelnut groves spread more extensively at these times than now. During the pre temperate stage of the interglacial, Pinus cembra occurred in the woods that was not typical for the other areas of Ukraine or at present. The presence of forest steppe vegetation during the Tyasmyn and the early phase of the Uday stadials indicates that the regional climates at these times were less sev ere than in other areas of Ukraine. The interstadials of both Pryluky and Vytachiv times in the studied areas also had milder climate than in the other regions of Ukraine, particularly in the Transcarpathia. The alternation of stadials with periglacial veg etation and interphasials with boreal vegetation occurred during the Bug, Dofinivka and Prych о rnomorya times. The vegetational changes dependent on palaeorelief elements are reconstructed for the Late Pleistpcene phases.