Gerasym L. Topographic-anatomical peculiarities of the major vascular-nervous bundle of the neck in the perinatal period of human ontogenesis

For the purpose to establish peculiarities of chronological order in time transformations of topographic formation of the major vas-cular-nervous bundle components of the neck in fetuses and neonates, 50 specimens of dead fetuses (from 4 to 10 months) and 9 neonates (5 isolated complexes of organs in particular) were examined by means of adequate anatomical methods including macro-, microdissection, morphometry, preparation of topographic-anatomical sections, radiological examination, injection of the blood vessels, statistical processing. For the first time by means of up-to-date and adequate anatomical methods of examination and sufficient amount of the material peculiarities of structure and topography of the major vascular-nervous cervical bundle components during the perinatal period of human ontogenesis are determined. The stages of topographic formation of the major vascular-nervous cervical bundle components are established, their syntopic interrelations with the adjacent structures during the fetal and early neonatal periods of ontogenesis are defined. For the first time the periods of accelerated development of the structures of the major vascular-nervous cervical bundle during the second and third trimester of the intrauterine development and the period of their relative slow development are determined. Chronological succession of time transformations of the organometric parameters of the major vascular-nervous cervical bundle components is established at all the stages of the perinatal development. This information considerably supplies modern views concerning peculiarities of ontogenetic chronology in the development of cervical structures which enabled to substantiate a harmonious development of the examined structures. The total results obtained from a new point of view open peculiarities of the perinatal structure and topography of the carotid arteries, internal jugular veins and vagus, their individual and age anatomical variability.