Gutsol D. The intelligentsia of Podillya: socio-political portrait and cultural and educational activities in the 1920s.

The dissertation comprehensively and comprehensively covers the directions, forms and methods of socio-political activity of the Podolsk intelligentsia in the 1920s, its realization of the nation-building potential of Ukrainians, clarifies the contribution of this social group to the formation and development of the educational sphere, literary and artistic culture. space. The author notes that in the early 20's of the twentieth century. The Bolsheviks felt a great hunger for the pro-Soviet intelligentsia, which forced them to use the services of the pre-revolutionary intelligentsia, as well as those members of this group who worked for the Ukrainian government. The authorities constantly monitored the mood of the intelligentsia, remembering that at one time they took an active part in the struggle against the Bolsheviks on the side of their opponents, and therefore posed a serious danger to it. A number of measures were used to control the intelligentsia, first of all the pedagogical and scientific-pedagogical workers, who were to carry the ideas of the Bolsheviks to the masses. The intelligentsia of that time was characterized by a position of waiting and hoping for the collapse of the Bolshevik regime. Among the teachers, lecturers, and scholars were those who embraced the ideas of the workers 'and peasants' government, most of whom, having lost hope of restoring the former government, simply "smeared themselves and put sticks in the wheels of the proletarian cart."