Onishchenko O. Ways of prediction and methods of colostral immunoglobulin deficiency prevention in cows

The object of research: processes that influence the formation of colostral Ig in the mammary gland of dry cows. The purpose: to determine the etiopathogenesis of colostral Ig deficiency in cows, to develop prediction methods and preventive methods. Research methods: clinical (determination of the general condition of the animal body, the functions of its organs and systems); ultrasonographic (assessment of the endostructure of the mammary gland); thermographic (determination of the temperature gradient and color palette of the mammary gland); organoleptic studies of udder secretion, cytological (calculation of the species composition of secretion cells); colostrometry (determination of the level of Ig colostrum); histological (study of the microstructure of the mammary gland); biochemical (determination of carotene, vitamin A, imbalance of prooxidant-antioxidant system); statistical (processing of research results). Scientific novelty: The etiopathogenesis of colostral Ig deficiency in cows has been determined. For the first time new data concerning the influence of carotene / vitamin A deficiency and the state of the prooxidant-antioxidant system on the structure and function of the mammary gland of dry cows, the level of Ig colostrum was obtained. For the first time a computer program for differential diagnosis of mammary gland pathologies in dry cows and prediction of colostral Ig content using information and technical research methods was developed. A comprehensive program for restoring the mammary gland function in dry cows and increasing the level of colostral Ig using the latest original nanobio- and ozone-containing drugs has been developed. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is confirmed by one patent of Ukraine for a utility model: № 74129. TC of Ukraine for the drug “Kaplaestrol + OV” was received. Proposed: a scheme to increase the concentration of Ig in the colostrum of cows and to prevent mammary gland pathologies was recommended. It involves intra-abdominal use of the drug Kaplaestrol + OV at a dose of 15 ml, three times with an interval of 72 hours and Prozon - at a dose of 20 ml (per procedure), externally on the surface of the mammary gland with pharmacoultrophonophoresis for 3 5 days. Implemented: Scientific developments have been implemented in the educational and practical complex of animal husbandry and crop production at Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, at limited liability company of agricultural firm «Pishchanska» in Krasnograd district, at limited liability company «Alpha» in Zolochivsky district, at dairy farm of Dergachi correctional colony № 109 in Dergachi district, Kharkiv region. The obtained results allowed to deepen the knowledge concerning the quality of colostrum (colostral Ig level) depending on the structural and functional disorders of the mammary gland in dry cows with carotene / vitamin A deficiency and disorders in the prooxidant-antioxidant system. Methods of prevention of mammary gland pathologies in dry cows with the use of original vitamin-hormonal preparations with nanobiomaterials and ozone-based preparations (Kaplaestrol + СеО2, Kaplaestrol + OV, Prozon) and ultraphonophoresis have been improved and introduced. The results of research are used in scientific and educational work of a number of higher education institutions and research institutions of Ukraine. They are included to the scientific and methodological recommendations «Mammological examination of cows using informative and diagnostic devices», «Ozone drugs and their use in veterinary reproductive medicine», «Complex preparations based on nanobiomaterials and their use in veterinary reproductive medicine», which are approved by the scientific and methodological council of the State Veterinary and Phytosanitary Service of Ukraine, and educational and methodological publication «Immunobiology of lactation in animals».