Object of study: ovarian cysts in cows.
Purpose: to determine the role of endogenous and exogenous factors in the etiopathogenesis of cystic pathology in cows and to improve prognostic and diagnostic criteria and treatment and prevention measures.
Research methods: statistical, clinical, hematological, biochemical, sonographic, hormonal.
Scientific novelty: on the basis of complex statistical, clinical, sonographic, biochemical and hormonal researches the polyetiological nature of development of ovarian cysts in cows is scientifically substantiated.
The frequency of ovarian cyst formation in cows depending on the season, the length of the period after calving, the period of previous lactation and the number of lactations was determined. It is established that against the background of elevated urea levels and decreased protein content there is an increase in the frequency of obstetric and gynecological pathology of inflammatory nature, which leads to the formation of ovarian cysts. There is a probable increase in the number of cases of ovarian cysts in cows with high milk productivity. The highest fertility of cows was determined at the average size of dominant follicles with a diameter of 14–17 mm before insemination by induction and synchronization of sexual cyclicity.
It has been shown that with stimulation and synchronization of estrus, the sizes of dominant follicles before insemination in each individual cow are different. The dynamics of the concentration of progesterone in the blood of pregnant and infertile cows after insemination depends on the size of these follicles. According to the dynamics of progesterone content in cows that remained infertile after induction and synchronization of estrus, it is possible to monitor the transformation of dominant follicles into ovarian cysts, depending on their size before insemination.
The expediency of sonographic assessment of the uterus and its rehabilitation in 21-27 days after calving has been proved to identify the threat of transformation of clinical postpartum endometritis into subclinical and prevent violation of follicular and luteal stages of the sexual cycle before induction and synchronization of estrus in cows.
Proposed: use of adsorbents "Kormosan" (Brovapharma, Ukraine) and "Mikosorb" (Alltech, USA) during the dry and postpartum periods for the prevention of obstetric and gynecological pathology, including the development of ovarian cysts in cows, which reduces urea and increases the content protein in milk.
Implemented: the materials of the dissertation are used in the educational process at the faculties of veterinary medicine during the study of the discipline "Obstetrics, gynecology and biotechnology of animal reproduction with the basics of andrology" in "Veterinary medicine" in agricultural universities of III-IV levels of accreditation (Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Podolsk State Agrarian Technical University, Zhytomyr National Agroecological University, Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy and Sumy National Agrarian University), and also introduced into the scientific process of the Experimental Station of Epizootology of IVM NAAS.
The results of the research are implemented and effectively used on breeding and dairy farms.
