Kisly M. Crimean Tatars` return to the homeland in 1956–1989.

The aim of the study is to comprehensively study the Crimean Tatars’ return to their homeland in the period from 1956 to 1989. It includes the study of the formation of images of the lost homeland, the collective awareness of the need to return therein and the struggle for this return; the reconstruction of the repressive actions of the state and practices and strategies that were used by the Crimean Tatars at their resettlement to Crimea during the specified period. The object of the study is the deportation and return migration of the deported Crimean Tatars to their homeland. The subject of the study is the formation of the desire of the Crimean Tatars to return from exile to their homeland and the practice and strategy of the return itself under the conditions of the ban in the period of 1956-1989. The results of the study are the comprehensive research of the Crimean Tatars’ return to their homeland, to the Crimea, under the conditions of the ban in the period of 1956-1989, was carried out. The prerequisites for the return were considered, in particular, the formation of an idea of the Crimea as a lost homeland, starting from the eviction from the Crimea in 1944. The factors that influenced the emergence and transformation of the desire to return are identified, and the first attempts to restore connection with the lost home were analyzed. The imperious policy of resettlement of the Crimean Tatars to their homeland was described and three main practices of return, two of which were of an unauthorized nature, and the third was an attempt by the authorities to take control of the resettlement were identified. The reasons for the termination of the Crimean Tatars’ return to their homeland in 1978 was clarified and the evolution of non-violent resistance of the Crimean Tatars was analyzed. The events that became the impetus for the restoration of the resettlement of the Crimean Tatars to their homeland in 1987-1989 were considered, and the emergence and spread of the practice of squatting land (unauthorized construction) were reconstructed. It was established that upon their return to the homeland, the Crimean Tatars were faced with the fact that the “home” which they remembered, or which their parents had told them about, was no longer there, but the homeland was being renegotiated. Scope of use: preparation of monographs, articles and manuals on the history of Ukraine, Crimea and the Crimean Tatar people, as well as in further research on deportations to the USSR and migration in the post-Soviet territory.