The thesis research deals with the study of age-related features of the lateral ventricles structure of the human brain at the stages of postnatal ontogenesis where age-related patterns of morphogenesis are established. An implementation of the objectives and tasks of scientific work is achieved by examining 204 objects. The morphogenesis of the lateral ventricles of the brain and the neurocranium of different age groups were studied based on magnetic resonance tomograms. The tomograms of lateral ventricles of the brain and the neurocranium were selected for the study. We used a set of morphological methods of research, which included: macroscopy, common and fine dissection under a binocular loupe, microscopy of histological and topographic-anatomical sections of the lateral ventricles of the human brain, electron microscopy, magnetic resonance tomography of the lateral ventricles of the human brain and computed tomography of the neurocranium of different age groups, morphometry, general histological, histochemical, biometric and statistical methods. The study of intravital morphometric characteristics of the lateral ventricles of the brain at different stages of postnatal ontogenesis was carried out. There are 3 stages in the growth dynamics of the longitudinal size of the neurocranium and the length of the lateral ventricles of the brain: in males – stage I (1-7 years), stage II (9-13 years), stage III (15-20 years); in females – stage I (1-7 years), stage II (9-14 years), stage III (16-21 years). The relative growth stability of the longitudinal size of the structures being studied is accounted for by 8-9, 14-15 years in men and 8-9, 15-16 years in women. The dynamics of the growing intensity of the transverse size of the skull and the width of different parts of the lateral ventricles of the brain occurs in males and females equally, in 2 stages: stage I (1-13 years) and stage II (15-20 years). Stabilization of the transverse sizes of the structures being studied is accounted for by 3-15 years. The period of the relative stability of the morphometric parameters of the skull and lateral ventricles of the brain begins at 21 years. It is estimated by the dynamics of the increase of the longitudinal and transverse sizes of the structures being studied. Sex and age differences of morphometric parameters of the lateral ventricles of the brain can be observed at all stages of postnatal morphogenesis. Still they are most vivid at the age of 10-16 years. At the same time, some morphometric parameters of hemispheric asymmetry of the lateral ventricles of the human brain have been revealed. The obtained data on the morphometric characteristics of the structures of lateral ventricles and the neurocranium in people of certain age groups are the indicators of the normal range. They can be used in diagnostic studies in the departments of magnetic resonance and computed tomography. The obtained morphometric data should be included in the program of postnatal MRI of a person for the enhanced biometry of the lateral ventricles and the neurocranium. Established by magnetic resonance tomography, morphometric parameters of separate structures of the lateral ventricles of the brain and the neurocranium are remarkable for neurosurgeons when verifying these data, which could be obtained by other less informative methods, as well as during some stereotactic calculations of certain parameters of operative treatment. The individual anatomical variability of the lateral ventricles of the brain is identified in the study that serves as a prerequisite for the correction of the concept of "norm" in neuroanatomy, neurology, and neurosurgery. The obtained data related to the sex and age variability of the lateral ventricles of the brain can be used in neonatology, paediatrics and by specialists in the field of gerontology and geriatrics. They can be used in the educational process of the departments of the corresponding profile, as well as in the writing of monographs and textbooks. Key words: lateral ventricles of the brain, vascular plexus, neurocranium, postnatal ontogenesis, morphogenesis, human. Branch-Medicine.
