Shynkar T. Organizational and semantic principles of methodical work in preschool educational institutions of Ukraine (the 20s – 30s of the 20th century)

Object: methodical work in preschool educational institutions of Ukraine in the 20s - 30s of the XX century. The purpose of the study: is to theoretically analyze and highlight the experience of organizing methodological work in preschool educational institutions of Ukraine (20s - 30s of the XX century) for extrapolation at the present stage of development of preschool education in Ukraine. The dissertation reveals the genesis of organizational and semantic principles of methodical work in preschool educational institutions of Ukraine (the 20s – 30s of the 20th century) as a pedagogical phenomenon. Analysis of the historiography of the selected problem showed the lack of a holistic and systematic study of the development of organizational and semantic principles of methodical work in preschool educational institutions in the study period. Based on the analysis of research sources, the following are identified: 1) sources of regulatory and legal nature; 2) pedagogical press; 3) didactic sources; 4) interpretive sources. The preconditions for the development of organizational and semantic principles of methodical work in preschool educational institutions in the studied period (socio-political, socio-economic, and pedagogical) are clarified. Based on certain criteria (educational policy of the state on the development of public preschool education, socio-economic conditions for the development of society, the legal framework for the organization and functioning of preschool educational institutions, providing with programs and methodological support of public preschool education) periodization of organizational and substantive principles in preschool educational institutions within certain chronological limits were developed (stage I – 1920 – 1923 – search; stage II – 1924 – 1929 – innovation; stage III – 1930 – 1938 – system-forming) and trends (positive, negative) at each stage were identified. The practical realization of organizational and semantic bases of methodical work in preschool educational institutions of Ukraine in the 20s – 30s of the 20th century is characterized. Based on the study of forms of methodical work in the 20s – 30s of the 20th century and in modern conditions of preschool education development, invariant forms of methodical work are clarified (methodical associations, methodical councils in institutions, consultations, excursions, exhibitions, advanced training courses, exchange of experience through the pedagogical press, seminars, collective revisions of forms of the educational process, work of creative groups, mentoring, methodical instruction, self-education, etc.). The main directions of improvement of methodical work in modern institutions of school education are defined: control and analytical activity; methodical support; methodical support of the educational process of the preschool educational institution; advanced training of teachers; innovative activity.