Dariichuk S. The Problems of Physical Education of Children and Youth on the Pages of the Ukrainian Press of Bukovyna (Second Half of the XIX – Beginning of the XX Century)

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Candidate of Sciences (CSc)

State registration number

0421U101550

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 13.00.01 - Загальна педагогіка та історія педагогіки

27-04-2021

Specialized Academic Board

Д 70.145.01

Khmelnytskyi Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy

Essay

The dissertation considers the peculiarities of coverage of physical education of children and youth on the pages of the Ukrainian press of Bukovina (second half of the XIX – beginning of the XX century). It is proved that the intensification of coverage of problems of physical education of children and youth in the Ukrainian newspapers and magazines of the region within certain chronological limits was influenced by the European trends in physical culture and sports – formed theoretical and methodological principles and widespread in Europe national gymnastics systems, including school; restoration and genesis of the modern Olympic movement; definition of sports as a social phenomenon; dynamic activity of physical culture and sports printed publications, etc. The factors of activation inherent in Bukovina in the second half of the nineteenth – beginning of the twentieth century were socio-political changes in the management of the region; development of physical culture and sports, military and gymnastic organizations; formation of the editorial policy of the Ukrainian press of the region, which satisfied the social demands of the readership. The section presents the periodization of the genesis of the researched subject on the pages of the Ukrainian press of Bukovina of the studied period: 1849–1884 – the period of appearance of problems of physical education of Bukovina in official editions, newspapers and magazines of the region; 1885–1910 – the period of interest of the press in the activities of physical culture and sports societies of Bukovina, the search for ways to solve problems of staffing and educational-methodological support of physical education of children and youth, the promotion of sobriety; 1911–1918 – the period of explanatory work of the press on the militarization of physical education of children and youth. The study singled out publications that considered the formation of the system of physical education of children and youth, the experience of the countries of the world in the organization and management of this system, the pedagogical aspect of physical education as part of training of educated, nationally conscious young generation, the role of family, school and community in the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, various aspects of sports development. These are religious calendars; pedagogical journals; printed papers of political parties and publications of public associations. On the pages of the Ukrainian press of the second half of the XIX – the beginning of XX centuries we found coverage of the problem of introducing physical education as an educational subject in the education system of the region, in particular for girls, the use of games, various sports and military exercises, their methodological support; training of specialists for work in educational institutions, physical culture and sports societies; logistics of this process, etc. In addition, special attention was paid to the means of forming a «healthy worldview»: the study of physical education experience of European peoples, folk traditions of physical education, the formation of Ukrainian professional terminology, fighting alcoholism of the population through the introduction of active leisure. The forms of physical education, which were proposed as an option for leisure time of young people, were considered valuable – mass sports festivals with music during weekends and holidays, short walks, rituals using folk games, swimming, diving, sledding, skating, etc. It is concluded that despite the rather systematic and diverse publications in the modern media of Bukovina on the general topic «Physical Education and Sports of the Younger Generation and Youth», there is a general one-sided content and the existing «reporting» nature, insufficient quality of material, unmotivated glorification of certain sports achievements, lack of educational and promotional impact of publications on the readership and lack of feedback, ignoring really relevant topics (drug addiction and alcoholism among young people, the negative impact of computer games, etc.). In the press of modern Bukovina there are no announcements and invitations to classes in physical culture and sports sections and societies, mass health and recreational events; there are almost no articles of informative, methodical content, advertising of private gyms, dance studios and schools prevails.

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