Bolila N. Consumer properties of Black Sea spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias)

The dissertation is devoted to the systematic analysis of the consumer properties of the Black Sea spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias and its shelf life determining. Systematic monitoring of the possibility of use of different types of aquatic bioresources for food purposes, substantiation of rational directions of their processing is the main task in today's conditions, as it allows providing the population with quality biologically valuable food products of guaranteed safety. Stocks of the Black Sea spiny dogfish are not fully used and are sufficient for use in the fish processing industry, which gives grounds to consider spiny dogfish as a reserve for the development of Ukrainian fisheries and enrichment of the domestic market with food products of predictable quality based on integrated processing of the Black Sea spiny dogfish of a guaranteed level. The limiting factor for the effective use of spiny dogfish in food technology is the lack of modern systematic research on the safety of consumption of spiny dogfish of different size, weight and age characteristics. The use of the Black Sea spiny dogfish of certain mass and size characteristics is expedient under the condition of assessment of its consumer properties and development of scientifically substantiated recommendations on reduction of the content of heavy metals in the process of technological processing. A systematic analysis of the factors of formation of consumer properties of spiny dogfish has been carried out. Morphometric features of the Black Sea spiny dogfish have been determined. The morphometric-identification features of the spiny dogfish, obtained as a result of research, are necessary criteria for determining the optimal parameters of technological processing of raw materials for the production of different types of products. The nutritional value of the Black Sea spiny dogfish tar was analyzed according to the indicators of biological efficiency of lipids, and the fatty acid composition of lipids in the liver and muscle tissue of sharks was studied. The microstructure of the muscle tissue of the Black Sea spiny dogfish, skin and fat from the liver of the shark has been studied. The amino acid composition of proteins and the content of toxic elements in spiny dogfish muscle tissue were studied. The protein of Black Sea spiny dogfish meat has been proven to be complete and characterized by a set of all essential amino acids. A comparative analysis of the amino acid rate of Black Sea dogfish proteins with different species of commercial fish was performed. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of lipids in spiny dogfish meat showed that the content of saturated fatty acids was 34,88 % of the total fatty acids, polyunsaturated – 28,33 %, and monounsaturated – 36,75 %. The largest amount contains oleic acid – almost 27 %, respectively. Changes in the consumption properties of the Black Sea spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias during storage have been studied. Rational terms of storage of the Black Sea spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias on the basis of the established correlation dependences between quality indicators taking into account critical parameters of optimization are scientifically substantiated.