It is established that the craniotopography of the main venous formations of dura mater, which belong to the vault, vary depending on the individual type of head structure.
We have established a different shape and location of the projection of the collector in the sagittal plane, which makes practical sense when performing punctures and surgical access to the lateral ventricle and its parts. The maximum projection of the superior sagittal sinus is the distance between the craniological point gl (glabella) to the point op (opistocranion).
It was found that the longitudinal size of the superior sagittal sinus in adults is in the range from 12.8 to 27.5 cm, with the largest parameter in dolichocephalic from 14.5 to 27.5 cm, the average – in mesencephalic from 13.4 to 22.0 cm and minimal in brachycephalic from 12.8 to 20.8 cm.
There are two types of structure and division of venous tributaries, which flow into the superior sagittal sinus: trunk type – with a small number of vessels throughout and loose type – with a large number of tributaries on each side (12 or more). Depending on the above, defined avascular areas along the entire length of the superior sagittal sinus. Their localization is necessary when performing "safe" punctures and guiding the catheter into the body cavity or the horns of the lateral ventricles.
Along with this, the variants of the structure of the superior sagittal sinus lumens in humans has been established, taking into account the terminal forms of the head structure. Thus, dolichocephalic has narrowed types of lumen structure with a slight expansion in the posterior third. In mesencephalic, there are intermediate types of the structure of the internal lumen with small extensions throughout the reservoir.
In parallel, the features of craniotopography of venous inflows in three main parts of superior sagittal sinus, and more precisely: their number, the presence of branches, angles of incidence in the lumen of the collector, variability and density of anastomotic networks of meningeal superficial veins of the brain.
According to our data, the most severe craniometric and craniotopographic characteristics are confluence of the sinuses, which has a variety of shapes. The most common is cross-shaped (symmetrical), less often – with right or left asymmetry and mesh-shaped (multichannel). The confluence of the sinuses has its projection on the occipital bone, which is located between the craniological points i (inion) and op (opistocranion).
Along with this, the peculiarities of the structure of the main parts of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain in adults are studied. The most important formations of this system are the lateral ventricles, which are located inside the cerebral hemispheres, which have anterior, lower and posterior horns. Based on the needs of neurosurgical practice, we have additionally studied the craniotopographic features of these formations, taking into account individual differences in the structure of the head and cranial cavity.
All data obtained are confirmed by statistical analysis.
In conducting the above research and in order to improve existing cranio- and morphometric methods, we have developed, manufactured and tested new devices, which are confirmed by Ukrainian patents for utility models, and the features of their design are reflected in the relevant publications.
