Object of research: establishing patterns of variability, inheritance, correlation between the components of productivity and determining the selection value of samples and creating a new source material for the selection of spring barley. Aim of research: establishment of selection value of collection samples of barley on a complex of morphobiological signs and signs of productivity by definition of regularity of their variability, inheritance and creation on this basis of a new initial material for selection of drought-resistant high-yielding grades. Research methods: general scientific, theoretical, general logical, field, laboratory. The novelty is to establish the selection value of samples of spring barley on a set of signs of productivity and drought resistance using laboratory and field methods at different stages of plant development and subsequent assessment of yield, to determine the nature of phenotypic dominance and the manifestation of heterosis on the grounds of productivity and drought resistance in F1 of spring barley. The peculiarities of the character of inheritance and transgressive variability of productivity traits in F2 of spring barley have been established. Results: Based on the carried-out researches it is established that on a complex of the calculated indices of drought resistance and a high level of productivity the best-allocated samples are Nutans 108, Nutans 553, Nutans 642, Omskyi 90, Orenburgskyi 35, Vodohrai, Karabalykskyi 43, Nutans 89, Line 2. In terms of performance, 11 samples had significantly exceeded the standard: Vodohrai, Perekotsius 143, Maiak, Nutans 642, Omskyi 90, Orenburgskyi 35, Karabalykskyi 1, Karabalykskyi 43, Nutans 89, Irma, Line 9. It was determined that the high and stable temperature threshold of coagulation of cytoplasmic proteins had samples: Nutans 89, Nutans 553, Pryazovskyi 9, Pryyshymskyi, Karabalykskyi 1 and Line 3. It is proved that hybrid combinations: Karabalykskyi 1 / Nutans 89, Line 9 / Nutans 89, Line 9 / Karabalykskyi 1, Line 3 / Nutans 89 і Line 3 / Nutans 553 exceeded the parent components in terms of structural indicators, heat and drought resistance. It was found that among the whole group of hybrid populations the highest level of true heterosis in the complex of structural elements of productivity was in combinations: Line 9 / Karabalykskyi 1, Line 2 / Line 9 and Line 3 / Nutans 89. It was determined that in F2 the highest level of transgressive variability in terms of grain weight per plant was in hybrid populations: Karabalykskyi 1 / Nutans 89, Line 9 / Nutans 553 і Line 3 / Nutans 89. The highest grain yields among the created lines were L 626, L 651, L 326 і L 652, on which certificates of the National Centre of Genetic Resources of Plants of Ukraine № 1701, № 1702, № 1703, № 1704 were received. Degree of implementation: created lines with a high level of drought resistance and productivity: L 311, L 312, L 313, L 321, L 326, L 417, L 426, L 515, L 624 are involved in the selection process for the creation of new drought-resistant varieties of spring barley at the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev, as well as they are used in the educational process in the preparation of applicants for the specialty 201 "Agronomy". On the lines spring barley: L 626, L 652, L 631 and L 326 – the Certificate of registration of the sample of gene pool of plants of Ukraine of National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine was received. Scope of implementation: scientific institutions of NAAS, NAS and Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine, educational institutions, agro-formation of agro-industrial complex of Ukraine.
