The dissertation is devoted to the establishment of the chronological sequences of development and the formation of the topography in cervical portion of the spine column in the early period of human ontogenesis. Specification of the topography in structures of cervical region of the spinal column from the earliest stages up to 40 weeks in prenatal period. With adequate morphological methods was performed research of the morphogenesis and dynamics in the spacious-time interconnection between the cervical vertebrals in spinal column of a human critical periods, morphological changes and time of perhaps discernment of the deformities of the spinal column. Specified features of the blood supply and venous outflow from cervical portion of the spinal column. On the base of the received results can be seen differential deviation from a normal development in cervical portion of the spinal column that is lead to development defects in cervical portion of the spinal column. The development in cervical portion of spinal column and the spinal cord goes hand to hand and tightly intertwined. The cervical portion of the spinal column develops in the separate phases as shown below. The development of the spinal cord occurs at four embryological stages, including gastrulation (2–3rd weeks), primary neurulation (3–4th weeks) and secondary neurulation (5–6th weeks). Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a unique and complicated. Four occipital sclerotoms, which give formation for occipital bone, external occipital protuberance and jugular process on the frontal arch of the atlant and on the top, transverse and alar ligaments. The posterior arch of the atlas take formation from both the first occipital and the first cervical sclerotomes. The axial vertebrae derive from resembles the four occipital, also from the first and second sclerotomes. The ventral part of the first sclerotome forms a larger part of the monoecious process. Last steps in formation of vertebraes are chondrification and ossification appear after 6th and 9th weeks as long as possible. The chondrification of the cranio-vertebral junction is begins in pre-fetus of 25.0 mm PCL, and the chondrification of the anterior arch C1 begins in pre-fetus of 30.0 mm PCL. At pre-fetus 45.0 mm PCL (9th weeks) development. The arches proccess are located at the stage of disconnected connection with formation of articulation surfaces. of interruptions from the statements of the slopes emptying. Uncus of body are formed typical for cervical portion of spinal column. The articular surfaces pass along the engle of 1230o along the way up of the axis of the vertebrae column. A detailed analysis and correlative relationship was given the area of the intra-vertebral opening and its content same in different the lower parts of vertebral column. From the 10th weeks (42.0 - 53.0 mm PCL), of the development is begins the involutes changes of the chordae and till up to the 11th weeks, of the development it is transformed small disc of the small discs in the dredge of the nucleus is formed in endochordal areas of ossification, and in the depths of the ridges, 54.0 - 66.0 mm of the spine are formed (PCL). The percent correlation in cervical region of spinal column in the pre-fetus period from 8-12 weeks change from 29% to 21%. The fetus has 340.0 mm PCL (38 weeks) good of development are enough for formation of deep muscles in cervical portion of the spinal column, which are begin on the horizontal topographic- anatomical section on the different levels of cervical portion spinal column. As showed in the research about the arteries supply of the cervical region, the source of the arteries supplying begins at the level of thoracic aorta. From cervical vertebra the blood flows into the vertebral artery, anterior vertebral, deep cervical artery, internal jugular, subclavicular, unnamed, posterior intra vertebral vein. At the cervical portion the anterior stench of arteries goes, across anterior side of canal begins at the level of the atlant. In direction from the dorsolateral region veins fly to the posterior cervical region and there their diameter increases. On the level of the atlant their anastomoses can be seen between the venous plexuses, where the horizontal region of the spinal artery, and the posterior- lateral veins can be seen. Until the moment of birth, the cervical part of the spinal cord will have one cervical enlargement and cervical spinal nerves. Key words: spinal column, cervical vertebra, intervertebral joints, morphogenesis, human. Branch-medicine.
