Tushak S. Enhancing the efficiency of the application of «Enteronormin»and «Biocontact plus» for the prophylaxis of enterobacteriosis of bees

The thesis covers the scheme of research of enterobacteriosis of bees and their prevention and treatment. During the thesis preparation, more than 200 literature sources were studied in order to improve the already known schemes, methods and ways of stimulating bees; the factors influencing the maintenance of strong bee colonies were studied; sources with substantiated research of many scientists were analyzed, which contributed to the continuation and improvement of research. Honey in Ukraine is produced not only for personal consumption. In recent years, Ukraine has shown the highest dynamics of honey export among exporting countries. In 2020, more than 80 thousand tons of honey were exported – the second place in the world. For intensive cost – effective development of the industry, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors affecting the intensification of the industry. One of the main factors should be considered the beekeeping farms affection with infectious diseases of bees, which implies the importance of developing plans and schemes for monitoring, treatment and prevention of diseases. The effectiveness of the disinfecting ability of the «Biocontact plus» drug was determined in comparison with drugs used in beekeeping, in particular «Bioluft», solutions of lactic and formic acid with 5% iodine tincture in relation to the isolated enterobacteria. The studies were carried out by the disk–diffusion method. The «Biocontact plus» drug had an effective disinfecting effect at a concentration of 1% and 2%. «Bioluft» and a solution of formic acid with 5% iodine tincture had no effect, no growth retardation zone was observed. To determine the antibiotic resistance of the isolated enterobacteria, we performed a test by the disc–diffusion method using broad–spectrum antibiotics. After reading the results, it was found that E. aerogenes is highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, moderately sensitive to tetracycline and cefotaxime; K. pneumoniae is highly sensitive to three types of antibiotics – cefepime, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime and moderately sensitive to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. According to the analysis of the data of practical observations and the implementation of treatment and prevention measures in apiaries, we developed a system for monitoring enterobacteriosis of bees and treatment and prevention schemes against the affection of hives by E. aerogenes and K. pneumoniae, by using «Biocontact plus» and «Enternormin» drugs, disinfection of hives and beekeeping equipment with the help of «Biocontact plus».