Sushko O. Sushko O.O. The formation and functioning of private enterprise in Ukraine during the period of NEP (New Economic Policy) (1921 - 1928): historical and theoretical aspect.

The thesis is a system scientific-historical analysis of peculiarities of the formation and functioning of private enterprise in USSR (Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic) for the period of NEP, peculiarities of the development of its organizational-economic forms in key brahches of economy - industry, trade and agriculture, the role and place of private sector in forming home market. The conceptual essence and tactical-strategic tasks of the NEP has been studied in the present work, and also the attitude of the Communist Party to private forms of household keeping in towns and villages has been defined, the specific ways of the state regulation of private enterprise have been traced and the problem of the trade unions' activity at the private industry's enterprises has been allocated. The present work reveals common and distinguishing indications of private enterprises, defines the general quantity of such enterprises and also the number of hired workers; it displays their social and everyday workingconditions, professional structure of the branch and administrative-territorial placement. Here also some evaluations existing in historiography concerning fine industrialists, private dealers, and peasants-proprietors have been rejected. In the present work the social-economic indications of farmers' households in Ukrainian villages have been analyzed; here the controversial issues in literature of 1920-ies have been considered and the work contains the comparison of various opinions regarding qualification of the social institute of private enterprise's definition. Key words and word combinations: Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR), New Economic Policy (NEP), private capital, private enterprise, nationalization, denationalization, NEP-men, trade, hired workers, trade unions.