Shlyakhov A. The ship-owners and sailors of the Azov and Black seas basin during the process of modernization at the end of the XIXth - at the beginning of the XXth centuries.

The object is social-economic and social-political processes that took place in Ukraine during the capitalistic transformation of the society. The aim is to solve the complex problem of ship owners' and sailors' activities of the Azov-Black Sea region during the modernization processes at the end of ХІХ - the beginning of ХХ century in order to clarify the specific character of coming into being of the bourgeois society in Ukraine. The methods are comparative-historical, historical-genetic and statistical-analytical methods. In the dissertation it is reviewed the factors that cause the peculiarities of capitalistic relations' formation in the trade fleet of the Azov and Black Sea. It is considered the main tendencies of the fleet development at the end of ХІХ - and the beginning of the ХХ-century. It is analyzed the forms of business undertakings in the commercial navigation of the South Ukraine as well as the monopolistic union creation process in form of cartels. It is stated that to the certain extent they possessed feudal features. It is clarified the formation sources and the change dynamics in the quantitative and the social structure of ship owners and sailors of the region. It is paid attention to the fact that their national structure was poly-ethnic and Ukrainians were minorities. It is deeply analyzed the interrelation between labor and capital factors in the commercial flee. It is considered the social conflict displays and the activities of sailors' professional organizations. It is concluded that traditional society survivals influenced decisively the formation of opinions and behavior of main social groups of the region's sea transport. Sphere of use is training courses, scientific-research work.