Velichko V. Fertility of soils of Ukraine on agropotentials of the basic agricultural crops

Object - productive ability of dominant types of soils in the structure of land resources of flat part of Ukraine at subtype, sort and kind levels. Purpose - scientific substantiation of the system of quality evaluation of soils on fertility, and choice of criteria of its identification and algorithms of fulfillment of works. Methods – field (expedition), cameral, mathematical modelling, cartographical, comparative-geographical. Theoretical results - theoretical generalization is made as well as new decision of the system of qualitative assessment of soil covering (according to its fertility) of flat part of Ukraine on agropotentials of the basic crops. Criteria of its identification and algorithms of fulfillment of works are scientifically substantiated. Allocation zones of the most productive on yielding ability of crops in Ukraine are determined at macrolevel. Regional evaluation of land resources for investment projects on an example of Kherson area is carried out. Practical results - parametrical quality standard of soils of Ukraine on agropotentials of natural and effective fertility in view of basic crops is developed. Agricultural specialization is improved with allocating 7 macrozones according to biological requests of the basic crops. Quality of soil resources of Kherson area for investment projects is evaluated on parametrical basis. Novelty - expediency is substantiated of determining quality of soils on their fertility on the basis of data on productivity of crops in long-term experiments for achievement of a principle of uniform distinction. The system of quality standard of resource capabilities of soils on natuaral agrosoil potentials of connatural and effective fertility is offered. It is proved that an index of connatural potential of soil are general stores of humus which reflect availability of heat, moisture and trophicity for plants within the limits of conforming type of pedology. Laws of parametrical differentiation of agrosoil potentials of crops are positioned. The expediency of determining bonitation status of soils on natural and effective fertility as the basis for the creating state land cadastre is reasonable. It is proved that paedoparcel as an unit of soil-ecological zoning is representative for evaluation of agro-industrial qualities of land resources on fertility. It is positioned that agropotentals of crops are the factors of rational use of land resources on their disposition according to requests of soil-ecological conditions. Degree of application - results of researches are used in stuffs “Scientific grounds of agro-industrial manufacturing in Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine”, “Scientific grounds of agro-industrial manufacturing in Steppe zone of Ukraine”; at preparation of normative documents “National standard of Ukraine. Quality of soil. Evaluation of productive ability of land resources on agrosoil potentials of natural and effective fertility. Order and rules for carring out”. Results of dissertational work are used in educational institutions at teaching soil and ecological disciplines. The field is agrology and agricultural sciences.