Vozhegova R. The scientific justification and the results of rice breeding in Ukraine

Object:the morphogenetic polymorphism of collection patterns and breeding lines of rice, the methods of selection parents and selection of sources of valuable traits. Aim: to improve the methodology of rice breeding for made of high productivity varieties. Methods: breeding, field, laboratory analysis, biometric, weight, statistic. Novelty: it was made the theoretical principles and aim the priority directs of rice breeding on the South of Ukraine. Results: the optimal morphological, genetic and physiological parameters of an intensive variety model of rice have been justified. The plants which meet these parameters are capable to use efficiently the agro-ecological potential of this climatic region, and to ensure the formation of grain yield potential at the level of 8,0-10,0 t/ha with high grain quality. On the basis of investigation of inheritance features, variability, genotype-environment interactions and correlations between productivity quantitative characters, the principles of selection of the initial parent plants have been developed, as well as the methodology of the breeding process has been improved. The identification of the factorial productivity traits (leaf surface area, panicle length, grain weight of a panicle, number of spikelets and grains in a panicle) allowed to incredibly increase the efficiency of selection using different growing spaces and applying different doses of nitrogen fertilizer. Application stage: The writer of the thesis is a co-author of 11 varieties of rice, and 9 of them entered in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine, and 2 varieties are currently in the State Variety Trial. Application area: research establishments of NAAS of Ukraine