Rozova K. Structural and functional changes in biological barriers and mitochondrial apparatus of the lung and heart and their role in providing the body with oxygen during hypoxia and stress

Experimental study yielded new information about the mechanisms responsible for changes in the morphofunctional state of lung and heart tissues in hypoxic conditions of various origin, their organo-specific manner and depending on the type of hypoxia; to identify previously unknown interconnection of air-blood barrier ultrastructure and ventilation, blood-tissue barrier and blood flow, O2 consumption and morpho- and stereometric characteristics of mitochondria (MC) in these tissues; to explore previously unknown ultrastructural reorganization in MC of the lung and heart tissues during hypoxic hypoxia, to offer an effective method for correction of violations that occur under different hypoxic conditions. It was studied the interrelation connections of arithmetic and harmonic ABB and BTB thicknesses, which are integral indicators of the degree of tissues hydration, with physiological parameters that characterize the ventilation, circulation and gas exchange of the body. It was found that in case of any significant changes in lung function and blood flow velocity, regardless of their direction, we can predict changes in ultrastructure of lung and heart tissues. The quantitative assessment of types of structural changes in the lung and heart MC was carried out. It was shown that morpho- and stereometric characteristics of MC have an impact on the consumption of O2 by lung and heart tissues, so you can deepen understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in rearrangements of energy metabolism under the hypoxic states and secondary tissue hypoxia development. It was suggested that the ultrastructural reorganization in MC of the lung and heart tissues during hypoxic hypoxia can be attributed to the compensatory- adaptive reaction of mitochondrial apparatus. The results obtained allowed to form an effective approach to minimize the changes in morphofunctional state of lung and heart tissues, which is exogenous administration of phospholipids in liposome form.