The dissertation is devoted to the theoretical analysis of spiritual and ontological foundations of thinking and of identifying of their role in the development of social, cultural and scientific knowledge. The author conducts the analysis of heuristic potential of thinking strategies of social and cultural life, creativity of individual in the dimensions of personal choice; the researcher defines the imperatives of national spirituality in the building process of structure of Ukrainian society and of its socio-cultural sphere. The work shows how and to what extent the knowledge, intelligence, creativity, and also thinking as activities, cause the efficient progress of Ukrainian society in the implementation of the queries posed by the global world. The author emphasizes that exactly through the system of science and education the processes of thinking are implemented in the modern world, and that this fact actualizes the problem of human knowledge. The manuscript defines the thinking strategies of the formation of modern cognitional space, where the conceptual schemes, methodological basis of organization of structures of rational and irrational are reproduced, where the existing social institutions are being arranged. The social and philosophical analysis has showed the objective constructs of social interactions, considering the impact of the thinking on the forms of self-realization of individuals and their self-affirmation in the life. Polyphonic complexity of social process characterizes the level of the culture of thinking, which is also determined by the logics of productive activity. From the standpoint of this logics the author actualizes the task to investigate the prospects of social processes in Ukraine, being in the process of ontologization, are converted into specific socio-cultural moduses, which are the output for domestic scientific understanding of socio-cultural space, social reality, strategies of Ukrainian spiritual and practical reality and of their social and philosophical reflection. The dissertation reveals features of productive thinking such as dynamism, innovativeness, which is the cause of the complexity and unpredictability of the national socio-cultural development, of the search for new productive ways, methods and forms. The researcher examined sociocultural factors of the development of individual's nationally oriented thinking, which enables him to have the freedom of choice in the contradictions of the modern world, contributes to the trends of European integration as well as to the strengthening of creative potential of Ukrainian spirituality in the contemporary socio-cultural requests. The survey explores the phenomenon of thinking in the context of historical and philosophical process that demonstrates the plurality of vectors of its manifestation in the formation of social and cultural reality. The detection of discursive, reflective and methodological nature of thinking has showed its fundamental importance in the productive activity of human who always tries to go beyond established norms and canons. In this sense, the thinking is revealed in the meaning of the main condition for the formation of human knowledge, especially in opposition to the scientific and spiritual development of natural and social being. The justification of the content of the existence of personal choice in the dissertation in the space of culture of thinking became the basis for formation of new types of social, political and economic ties. On this basis, there is a new reality - the modern world, the center of which is a creatively thinking personality. The manuscript shows the active nature of thinking in the reflections of the rational (spiritual) and the irrational (emotional) and leads to the formation of the ethos of sofiynist. The analysis of potential of the heuristic thinking in the modern Ukrainian life has opened the prospects for its further development. This aspect allowed to focus on the productive nature of the thinking that has defined its resources and strategy in the development of national spirituality and culture of Ukrainian society.
