Kuznyak N. Comparative embryogenesis of nasal region in human and some mammals

Aim of the study was to clarify general patterns and species characteristics of prenatal morphogenesis of nasal region structures in human and some mammals. 212 specimens of human embryos, prefetuses and fetuses and 85 specimens of some mammals (rattus norvegicus, domestic cat, domestic dog, domestic pig) in different periods of prenatal development were studied. Research has been conducted by means complex morphological methods (anthropometry, morphometrics, microscopy, macroscopy, three-dimensional computer constructing, statistical analysis). For the first time peculiarities of formation, dynamics and development of space-time relationships of the nasal region in human and some mammals during prenatal period of ontogenesis were studied from the perspective of comparative anatomical approach to embryogenesis’ problems. It has been determined that the source of the nose walls development is nasal epithelial plates, which are found on the sides of frontal eminence. Their differentiation is caused by bulging of epithelium in surrounding mesenchyme. Research shows dynamic changes of shape and size of components of the nasal region; defines stages of morphogenesis, periods of intense and sustained growth. Structural variants, morphological preconditions and possible occurrence of some congenital defects of the nose walls were revealed.