Shyian D. Individual anatomical variability of the human cerebellum nuclei

Theoretical generalization is formulated in the thesis, and a new solution to the actual scientific problem of the morphological features of the structure and blood supply of the cerebellar nuclei is proposed, taking into account their individual anatomical variability, age and sex, and a three-dimensional model is developed regarding stereotaxic coordinates. Based on the improvement of known morphological methods, original techniques for coloring and fixing anatomical and histological preparations of cerebellar nuclei have been developed. A method for preliminary processing of the cerebellum and its nuclei for their further 3D scanning has been developed, which allows preserving the topographic and anatomical features of the structure. Features of individual anatomical variability of the size and shape of the cerebellum are determined taking into account the type of the skull and the size of the posterior cranial fossa, features of the individual anatomical variability of morphometric parameters of cerebellar nuclei. The patterns between the morphometric parameters of the cerebellar vermis, the cerebellar hemispheres and the morphometric parameters of the posterior cranial fossa and the cerebellar nuclei are determined taking into account the type of the skull. The boundaries of variability in the size of the nuclei of the cerebellum are determined A classification of the gyri of the cerebellar dentate nucleus is proposed with consideration of the morphometric parameters. The stereotaxic coordinates of the cerebellum nuclei have been specified taking into account their individual and age variability. The boundaries of the location of the nuclei of the cerebellum are determined. Morphological features of the blood supply of the cerebellar nuclei are considered taken into account their morphometric features. A method for obtaining a 3D model of the cerebellum and its nuclei using modern technologies for constructing a three-dimensional image is developed. The developed 3D model of the cerebellum and its nuclei is a high-precision copy of a natural macromicroscopic preparation, volumetric models of the cerebellum and its nuclei were obtained with the help of computer reconstruction by their stereotaxic coordinates, taking into account their individual anatomical variability. The software has been developed and it allows to perform multi-planar visualization of the voxel model of the cerebellum and its nuclei according to their stereotaxic coordinates. A method for stereotactic visualization of cerebellar nuclei was developed and an algorithm for multiplane reconstruction of the cerebellum and its nuclei was constructed using axial sections of spiral computer tomography scans, which allows performing conventional surgical calculations with stereotaxic guidance without the use of traditional methods of contrast radiography.