Serdiuk I. Child and Childhood in the Hetman State: Socio-Historical and Historical-Anthropological Dimensions

The object of research: the Hetman State community. The aim of the work is to comprehensively and in detail investigate the phenomenon of childhood, which functioned in the society of the Hetman State of the XVIII century on the basis of the analysis of written sources. The subject of research: the childhood in the Hetman State as a biological and socio-cultural phenomenon. An analysis of the written sources of the Hetman State concerning their information potential in reflecting various aspects of childhood is carried out. The "children's" rhetoric of the texts created by the "educated" culture and its correlation with the practices of the common people is analyzed. On the basis of various approaches and criteria, the age boundaries of childhood are clarified. Comprehensively investigated the most important phenomena in the life of a child in a traditional religious society (birth, christening, death). The mechanisms of the child's socialization in the Hetman State society were reconstructed, including through hired labor, apprenticeship, and stay outside their own family. Application field: in the process of writing of specifically problematic and generalizing works on the history of Ukraine of XVII-XVIII centuries, historical demography, history of the Hetman State. The results of the study can be recommended in the development of textbooks for schools and higher education institutions. Some provisions of the thesis are introduced into the educational process of the Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V.G. Korolenko.