The object of the study is an animal anthrax. The purpose of the study is to theoretically and experimentally substantiate the improvement of the method for isolating the spores Bacillus anthracis from the soil and to develop, test and make experimental samples of the vaccine from the strain Bac . Anthracis UA-07 for the prevention of anthrax of farm animals. Methods of research - epizootological, molecular biological, clinical, biological experiment, pathologic-anatomical, immunological, bacteriological, biological, statistical. Scientific novelty - for the first time the prevalence of anthrax on the territory of Ukraine in the period of 1994-2018. The vaccine against anthravir "Antravak" from avirulent strain UA-07 (16.0 ± 4.0 million spores / cm3) was developed and implemented. For the first time in Ukraine the method of selecting the spores has been improved and substantiated Bac. anthracis from soil using tween-80 and 1% albumin in phosphate-buffered buffer, a higher rate of centrifugation of the suspension from the soil. It has been proved that the use of such a methodology leads to the allocation of a greater number of spores of Bacillus anthracis (3.33 ± 0.27 spores/g of soil), compared to current methods (0.43 ± 0.2 CFU/g of soil). The biological properties of the strain Bac. anthracis UA-07 are proposed for production and studied. A live vaccine against anthraw anthrax has been developed, tested and registered. Its compliance with the requirements of normative and technical documentation has been proved on a number of indicators: mass fraction of glycerin, concentration of hydrogen ions, amount of live spores, mass fraction of spores, contamination of bacterial and fungal microflora, growth type, morphology of strain culture, homogeneity, mobility, capsule formation, harmlessness, residual virulence, immunogenic activity of experimental series produced at the Kherson State Enterprise-Biological Factory. For the first time in Ukraine it is suggested to use the indirect hemagglutination reaction to confirm the immunogenicity of vaccines. Immunogenicity of Antravak vaccine has been confirmed by the positive dynamics of immunoglobulin synthesis and the duration of their detection in serum of pigs, sheep, cattle and horses. Implemented: 2 patents of Ukraine were obtained for utility model, registered live vaccine against anthrax, the materials of the dissertation included 2 study guides, 4 methodical recommendations, used in research and teaching work at the faculties of higher educational institutions. Sphere (industry) of use: veterinary medicine.
