Kondratenko S. Methodology of optimization of breeding and seed production process of vegetable plants species representatives of the families of Solanaceae, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Asteraceae

The object: Optimization of breeding and seed production technology and breeding of varieties, hybrids F1 and lines of vegetable plants, genetic and biotechnological methods and techniques, which are elements of the improvement of the breeding process. The aim: development of the elements of the theoretical bases of breeding and seed production technology of vegetable plants species (tomato, sweet pepper, eggplant, cucumber, cabbage white and cabbage red, leaf lettuce) on the basis of the practical use of induced mutagenesis and recombinogenesis, gametophytic selection and apomagic reproduction, as well as improving the methods of conducting biotechnological research with plant objects. Methods: cytological, genetic analysis, laboratory, gravimetric, mathematical-statistical. Novelty: For the first time in Ukraine, effective factors of induction of mutation and recombination variability of tomato and lettuce salad for breeding of genotypes with high productivity and adaptability are established. Identified significant correlations of manifestation of signs for predicting the level of stability samples of sweet peppers to Fusarium wilt. Gametophyte offspring have already been create of cucumber with a combination of high productivity and heat resistance. Selected effective growth regulators for use in breeding and seed production technology. Results: Already implemented in scientific researches: 3 ways which contributed to the accelerated creation of 2-4 times genetically-balanced samples of vegetable plants cabbage white, cucumber and sweet pepper, 2 methods for improving the technique of clonal micro propagation of head cabbage and cucumber, which increased the accelerated reproduction of valuable genotypes in 2.3-5.9 times; 1 method is an increase in 4.2 times androgenic tumors in an isolated culture of cucumbers in vitro; 1 method is the production of hybrid plants of 3 incompatible species of eggplant of the genus Solanum L.; 1 method is the production of multimarket mutant forms of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.), which allows it to receive mutant specimens with 5 marker genes; 1 method is an increase of 28-157% of seed productivity of parent components of triple hybrids F1 of cucumber; 1 method is to improve the quality of the head cabbage of the breeding material. Degree of production: 3 monographs, 5 methodical recommendations, 1 methodology-classifier that has already been introduced in the educational program of the IVM of NAAS, 76 valuable sources, 6 selection and valuable lines and 5 varieties (1 variety of red cabbage, 1 variety of sweet pepper, 3 variety of lettuce salad)