The thesis presents a complex scientific historic research, which incorporating original sources largely and introducing them to the scientific use, applying innovative methodological approaches, generalizes the tendencies of the development of the agrarian research in Ukraine in 1939– 1945.
It is substantiated that World War II had a great impact on all constituents of the experimental agricultural business, which was affected by the greatest crisis in its history due to immense human and scientific losses, enormous economic depletion, and significant cut-back in institutional publications on agrarian research, which definitely impeded the development of the agrarian science. This period showed all the previous drawbacks of Soviet organization of agricultural experimental research in the republic, which led to restoration of its academic administration model (Ukrainian affiliation of VASHNIL, Agricultural Department of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Republic). It is proven that in the conditions of the military opposition the strategic significance of the scientific maintenance of agriculture strengthened.
It is stated, that shortly before the military actions on the territory of the Ukrainian Republic, the scientific maintenance of the agriculture had become one of the state priorities, having substantial financial security, material, technological and human potential, however without a proper unified coordination and scientific methodological centre.
It is proven that the evacuation campaign was a remarkable event in the history of the agricultural experimental business of the Ukrainian SSR and had a number of features. The evacuation enabled to partially preserve and dislocate deep inland the scientific property and human resources. Tanks to personal efforts the work of evacuated agricultural research institutions of the Ukrainian Republic was restored, which was significant for strengthening the economic basis, reconstruction of the provisional security of the country at the decisive stage of the war. It was defined, that transfer of scientific resources to the territory of Volga region, Ural, Middle Asia, partially prevented Germany and its allies from depriving Ukraine of arable lands improving their own economies.
It is stated, that the Nazi Germany during its preparation for conquering East Europe in order to solve its provision and resource problem, paid great attention to studying the agricultural potential of the Ukrainian farmlands. Taking into consideration the strategic value of the Ukrainian agricultural experimental research for ensuring provisions security of Germany and its allies, it was reorganized in compliance with their needs. The administrative territorial division of the Ukrainian farmlands during the occupation and distributing the influence zones among the occupants predetermined the character of the organizational structure of the agricultural experimental business, which integrated into all German or Rumanian contexts, proving the colonial character of occupation.
It is proven, that on the territory of the Reichskommissariat of Ukraine during the period of restructuring the agricultural experimental business the following coordinating bodies were established: the Centre for agricultural research, the Research Centre of the South of Ukraine, that solved organizational and methodological problems. It is stated, that the national scientific society having found itself on the occupied territories, using various survival strategies, tried to preserve the material technological basis of agrarian research institutions from destruction, which ensured the integrity of the agricultural research process, enabled to restore the operation of agricultural research institutions in the shortest period upon regaining Soviet power.
Suffice it to note, that the main direction of the Soviet agricultural research institutions upon return of the Soviet power to the territory of the Ukrainian Republic was: their return transfer, restoration of material, technological and scientific capacities, development of effective methods of agricultural restoration.
