Marchuk O. Theory and Practice of Education and Upbringing of Children and Youth in Educational-Cultural Institutions of Volyn Region of the 19th – the First Half of the 20th Century

The dissertation analyses theory and practice of education and upbringing of children and young people in educational-cultural institutions of Volyn region of the 19th – the first half of the 20th century and makes recommendations of using of pedagogical experience of the educators in educational institutions of today. There are three main historical stages of education and upbringing of the young generation in these institutions of Volyn region and Volyn voivodship: a) 1800–1917 – staying of the schools under the influence of the policy of the Russian government; b) 1917–1921 – the period of nationalization of the Volyn education system; c) 1921–1939 – the implementation of educational reforms under the auspices of the Second Commonwealth of Poland. The retrospective analysis of the problem of theory and practice of education and upbringing of the younger generation in educational-cultural institutions of Volyn region has been carried out. It is explained that the trends of education and upbringing of children and young people in Volyn region were studied by scholars of different periods. There are three groups of the historical pedagogical sources on the basis of which the research has been carried out. The historical and pedagogical preconditions for the establishment of educational-cultural institutions of Volyn region in the 19th – the first half of the 20th century have been characterized. Different types of educational institutions of Volyn region and Volyn voivodship have been investigated. In particular the peculiarities of education and upbringing of children and youth in church-parish schools, one- and two-class schools, gymnasia, spiritual schools and Volyn Theological Seminary have been identified. It is determined that in the 1920-s there were three types of schools operating on the territory of Volyn voivodship: Polish, Ukrainian, and bilingual. The educational activity of activists of civic and religious organizations of Volyn region and «The Union of Ukrainian Women», the Volyn Ukrainian association and «Prosvita» which were active in the territory of Volyn voivodship has been characterized. Their members opened Sunday schools, church schools, Sunday courses, promoted Christian values, and disseminated literature. Most of them were pro-Russian. In the first half of the twentieth century the largest educational associations were: «The Ukrainian Union», «Prosvita», Volyn Ukrainian Association which were patriotic so the focus on national educating of young people was made. The coverage of problems of education and upbringing of youth in the newspapers of Volyn region and Volyn voivodship has been learned. The analysis of the textbooks and manuals of Volyn region and Volyn voivodship showed that their authors used the best achievements of pedagogical thought: the books were structured, had illustrations, appropriate font and matched age characteristics. The working with textbooks contributed to the formation of scientific outlook, moral and ethical values, aesthetic and physical education. The ways of using the pedagogical experience of the figures of educational-cultural institutions of Volyn region in the 19th – the first half of the 20th century in the educational process of today in the following directions has been shown.