The dissertation is devoted to the substantiation of theoretical and methodical maintenance of the formation of diagnostics of efficiency of export-import activity, development of procedures and tools of its realization at the industrial enterprises. The dissertation systematizes theoretical approaches to defining the essence of the concept of "diagnostics in economics". The differences of this concept from economic diagnostics are distinguished, and the distinctive characteristics of diagnostics in economy on its kinds, functions and principles are established. The essence of diagnostics in economics is substantiated according to the methodological framework, which contains the subject, object, subject, principles, purpose, tasks, types, functions, technology, methods and tools, the content of which is specified in the dissertation.
The paper substantiates and determines the place of diagnostics of export-import activity in the system of its management taking into account the subjects of management, the main factors, functions and results of management of this activity.
An analysis of the concepts of efficiency in the economy, the most common definitions of the concept of efficiency in the economy showed that it is often seen as a system, as an operation, as a solution and is expressed by a coefficient. Regarding the essence of the efficiency of the enterprise, there are several approaches to the ratio of its components, namely: results and costs, results and goals, results and needs. Regarding the efficiency of the export-import activity of the enterprise, domestic researchers often define it as a component of the overall efficiency of the enterprise, as the effectiveness of combining structural elements of production with financial, innovative and investment opportunities, as the effect of activity, as the effectiveness of EIDP.
The second section forms the main functional procedures for diagnosing the effectiveness of export-import activities of the enterprise and proves their viability through practical implementation. The methodical maintenance of diagnostics of influence of factors of external and internal environment on the efficiency of the export-import activity of the enterprise is developed. The general list of the main factors of the external environment influencing EIDP is substantiated, positive and negative among them are defined, and thanks to this methodical maintenance the most influential factors are defined. The paper provides analytical support for assessing and analysing the level of efficiency of export-import activities of enterprises.
Analysis of trends in the values of these criteria some large industrial enterprises showed the ambiguity of the conclusion on the effectiveness of their export-import activities and the need to calculate the integrated indicator based on these criteria. The expediency of calculating this integrated indicator using a modified method of constructing a Harrington quality indicator is substantiated.
The information-analytical support of diagnostics of influence of factors of internal environment on efficiency of export-import activity of the enterprise which includes a system of indicators, latent factors which are recommended to reveal by means of the factor analysis, causal interrelations between factors is formed and indicators to be established by correlation-regression analysis, detailed economic analysis.
The third section substantiates the methodological approach to diagnosing the effectiveness of the export-import activities of the enterprise, which consists of eleven stages and ensures the full implementation of diagnostic functions.
The expediency of using the results of diagnostics of the efficiency of export-import activity of the enterprise in the development and adoption of management decisions, namely the strategic management decision, is proved. The rational technology of making a strategic management decision is substantiated in the work. In rational technology, in addition to the relevant stages, the results of their implementation are defined, as well as the methods and tools by which these stages are implemented are specified. The methodological components of developing a strategic management decision to increase the efficiency of export-import activities of the enterprise, namely: subject, object, subject, purpose, conditions, role or significance of the decision in the management system, analytical basis, causes of the problem.
The practical significance of the obtained results is confirmed by certificates of implementation in the activities of PJ SC "Turboatom" (reference № 09-418 from 22.06.2020), PJ SC "Kharkiv Tractor Plant" (reference № 07-354 from 10.06.2020) and in the training process of Kharkiv National Economic University named after Simon Kuznets (reference № 20-86-31-115 dated 18.06.2020).
