The dissertation research theoretically generalizes and proposes a new
solution to the scientific problem of improving the management mechanisms of the
public procurement system in the conditions of digitalization of Ukraine’s economy.
The key concept of «public procurement» as an institution of public
administration, which determines the process of realization of the public order, is
the purchasegoods, works, services by the customers under the most favorable
market conditions.
The following key features of the public procurement system are
outlined:normative regulation - customers have the right to make purchases only in
the form and in the manner directly provided by the legislation of Ukraine. The
procedure for organizing and conducting public procurement has a clear
administrative character; targeted use of funds - customers have the right to make
purchases solely on the basis of budget allocations and to perform those socially
significant tasks assigned to them; competitive nature - customers are obliged to
make purchases on a competitive and transparent basis without any manifestations
of discrimination; economic expediency - customers are obliged to choose the one
from the procurement participants who offered the lowest price for their goods,
works, services, but at the same time fully meets the stated qualifications. Public
procurement should save public funds, as well as help reduce and exploit corruption
risks; economic policy instrument - with the help of public procurement and
commodity interventions, the state can form the level of supply and demand in the
national market of a product.
It is outlined that the institutional basis of the public procurement management
system consists of: the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine,
the State Treasury Service of Ukraine, the Accounting Chamber of Ukraine, the
Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine and the Committee of Ukraine.
Public management and control is carried out through the establishment of
compliance of the procedures for the purchase of goods, works and services for
public funds in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine.
The principles of procurement are characterized. They include: fair
competition among participants; maximum economy and efficiency; openness and
transparency at all stages of procurement; non-discrimination of participants;
objective and impartial evaluation of tender proposals; prevention of corruption and
abuse. These principles are supplemented and substantiated by the author, namely:
the principle of professionalism, the principle of information openness, the principle
of responsibility, the principle of competition, the principle of stimulating
innovation. The clear and comprehensive principles underlying the public
procurement system contribute to the effective reform of the industry in the future,
and in the period of the system’s formation are arguments in court cases and the
basis for understanding the essence of the phenomenon as a whole.
The mechanisms for implementing the principle of environmental friendliness
of public procurement for the sustainable development of society have been
improved. In order to ensure the greening of public procurement, it is proposed to
establish additional environmental requirements for technical documentation. The
key requirements for suppliers may be the following: the presence of an
environmental management system; no lawsuits for violation of environmental
legislation; information on pollutant emissions and side effects to reduce emissions;
reporting on energy use, waste and their processing; improving energy efficiency,
using renewable energy sources, saving water or using eco-labeled products;
measures aimed at increasing the use of environmental products. In addition, it is
proposed to establish benefits for the most environmentally friendly goods and
services in the list of documents established by law. Thus, the offer price of
ecological offers is estimated as «offer - 15%», and if the participant wins with the
most environmentally friendly goods, the contract is concluded at the offered price
(without «-15%»). If the participant with smaller ecological goods wins, the contract
is concluded at the price «offer - 15%». It should be noted that the implementation
of this concept requires the introduction of a number of methods of state regulation,
among which an important place is occupied by economic and administrative
mechanisms.
