Nikolaieva-Tzankova D. Near East Policy of the Republic of Turkey: Conceptual Framework and Practical Realisation

The purpose of the dissertation is to identify the compliance of modern doctrinal foundations and practical Middle East policy of the Republic of Turkey with the national interests of the country. Within the research of the dissertation for the first time were developed: the pragmatic nature of the intensification of the Turkish-Qatari alliance based on commitment to political Islam, certain religious and political forces ("Muslim Brotherhood", Hamas), the presence of common regional opponents (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, OA) after the beginning of the diplomatic and food blockade of Qatar in 2017; the rapprochement of Turkey and Jordan is studied on the basis of a common understanding of regional challenges (the problem of Palestine, the growing role of Iran, instability in Iraq, refugees from Syria); at the same time, factors such as Jordan's partnership with Egypt, Turkey's support for Hamas and Fatah's support for Jordan, and Turkey's commitment to the Muslim Brotherhood destabilize Turkish-Jordanian relations; scientific approaches to understanding the competition of Turkey and Saudi Arabia, which is against the background of "Arab Spring" has received upward trend under the influence of the military coup in Egypt in 2013, a different attitude to political Islam and "Muslim Brotherhood" lock Qatar, murder J. Hashkaji in 2018; the causes and consequences of ideological and geopolitical competition between Turkey and the UAE are clarified under the influence of the Qatar crisis, Turkish military operations in Syria, the deployment of Turkish troops in Libya, exploration of oil and gas fields on the continental shelf of Cyprus, competitive interests in the Horn of Africa; the wavelike nature of tensions in Turkish-Israeli relations under the influence of the imperative of the Palestinian question while maintaining pragmatic trade and economic relations. The task is to bring Turkey to a supraregional level through the revival of political Islam, Ottoman traditions and ideology. Thus, despite Turkey's denial of neo- Ottoman characterization of its foreign policy, it became the conceptual basis of Turkey's foreign policy in the Middle East. The tactic of the doctrine of "Zero Problems with Neighbors" was peaceful cooperation with neighboring countries, but later aggressive mechanisms were introduced. Turkey has moved from the concept of "Zero problems with neighbors" to the practice of "Zero neighbors without problems" and Turkey's isolation in the international arena is growing.