The maturity of modern political systems has a number of indicators, including the model of the relationship between state and society. Such indicators as the development of civil society in terms of the influence of its institutions, the sense of protection of the population (social, legal, informational, etc.), the level of political and legal culture, the status of civic education, the state migration balance, real practices of the realization of constitutional law to manage the territory by communities can be considered as characteristics of this model. The last indicator has an interdisciplinary nature in Ukraine: both in the context of theoretical and methodological approaches to scientific study, and in the implementation practices themselves.
Detection of the specificity of global and national practices of decentralization implementation in terms of their political and legal support, public dialogue and successful local cases is a result of the comparative analysis. It is determined that the political and legal support of the decentralization process in France, Poland and Ukraine is based on the European Charter of Local Self-Government and the existence of real practices of the organisation of public authority at three levels: central (national), domestic (local), intermediate (regional).
The author identifies two cases of dialogue between society and state in the context of state regional policy. The first case is a practical interaction that takes place due to developed civil society through the budget of public initiatives, public councils and advisory bodies, associations of public organizations, expert and project environment, public control. The second case (pro-government) aims only to attract the public to the organization of power initiatives. The functioning of the cases depends on the model of local self-government of a particular state and the starting conditions for the reform implementation. It is proved that the implementation of decentralization reform in Ukraine, based on European experience, takes place with the use of existing models of territory management. Combination of state, regional and local principles of management, aimed at delegation of powers and setting the control between the center and the region on the principle of subsidiarity, is used for the construction of managerial practices.
It is substantiated that an assessment of regional policy in the region depends on indicators of the territorial community’s effectiveness. During the study, several systems of indicators were analyzed, which are contained in three approaches: internal, external, local (author’s approach). The author’s approach was proposed by the author for the Vinnytsia Regional State Administration, which contained the following indicators: - dynamics of the demographic situation in the community; - the ratio of natural population decline and migration; - age structure of the population in the community; - level of budget subsidy for a certain year; - the share of expenditures for the maintenance of the management staff in its own resources; - activities of social and administrative infrastructure; - actual capital expenditures per 1 inhabitant of the territorial community. The successful case of decentralization reform implementation on the example of Vinnytsia Region is determined. The structure of local budgets in the studied communities of Vinnytsia Region has significantly changed, community residents have become more active and have started to join consultations and public hearings, new administrative services centers, medical clinics and support schools have been established, cultural monuments have been restored and cultural life has been intensified.
The key conclusions of the qualification work proved that in large states, with a well-established practice of the influence by non-state institutions on public policy and successful local self-government practices, the formation of dialogue between the state and society through the «bottom-up» initiatives should be expected. It will contribute to the modernization of power relations towards the «government of professionals», the branched system of representation of local territories at the national level, the legitimacy of state institutions and the democratization of the political system.
