The dissertation is a theoretical and experimental study of the problem of studying the personal determinants of the choice of coping strategies by the participants of the joint forces operation at the stage of decompression.
Stage of decompression proved the need to update the content, forms, psychological technologies and methods of working with servicemen returning from combat. According to the analysis of scientific sources, the concept of "coping strategy" is clarified, by which we mean conscious behavior of an individual who is able to overcome difficult circumstances, use various resources aimed at active interaction with the situation to change or adapt to it.
The scientific approaches to the definition of coping strategies are generalized and systematized, the types of coping used by the participants of the joint force operation returning from the combat zone are singled out and substantiated. It has been established that servicemen use adaptive, relatively adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies to deal with stressful situations.
It has been established that servicemen use adaptive, relatively adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies to deal with stressful situations.
An empirical study of personal traits and coping strategies of servicemen after leaving the combat zone.
There are direct and inverse correlations between coping strategies and the personality traits studied. The personal determinants of the choice of coping strategies of the participants of the joint forces operation during decompression by means of regression analysis are established.
A multilevel psychological program for the development of personality traits has been developed and substantiated, which determines the choice of adaptive coping strategies of the participants of the joint forces operation at the decompression stage and evaluates its effectiveness. During the program of development of personal determinants of the choice of coping strategies, the following areas are identified, which are involved in the training: emotional-regulatory: includes regulation and optimization of emotional state; value-normative: includes neutralization and reconstruction of negative behavioral reactions with a way out of the maladaptive role; personal-reflexive: includes the formation of productive coping strategies; socio-adaptive: includes adaptation and socialization of the individual.
The peculiarities of the organization and diagnostics of the respondents, the main stages of the psychological program, the peculiarities of the techniques and psychological classes are revealed, the structure is analyzed.
The proposed program is implemented through a number of activities that were carried out with the respondents during their decompression according to the established schedule and schedule.
The feature of the program is the increased duration of decompression measures, differentiated selection of participants, application of psychoeducation, training of adaptive coping strategies, use of individual consultations and individual psychological support of each research participant. the number of choices of productive coping strategies, stress reduction, high level of adaptive coping; reducing the level of expression of personality traits that determine maladaptive coping strategies; increasing the level of expression of personality traits, as determined by adaptive coping.
The analysis of the effectiveness of the psychological program allows to indicate the effectiveness of the measures taken.
The proposed program activates the personal traits of servicemen, who act as a resource for choosing adaptive coping strategies: assertive actions, self-control, seeking social support, decision planning, positive reassessment, social contact.
The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the introduction of a psychological program for the development of personal determinants of the choice of coping strategies in the work of the structures of moral and psychological support of military units; using the proposed algorithm for the development of effective and productive coping in the work of military psychologists; introduction of the main results of the research into the program of psychological training of servicemen of military units who perform tasks in the area of the joint forces operation; conducting prolonged distance training on the decompression program; introduction of the main results of research into the educational process of higher military educational institutions and military subdivisions of higher education institutions in the form of special courses, separate sections of educational psychological disciplines. Keywords: coping strategy, adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, personality traits, psychological decompression, psychological program.
