The thesis is devoted to the theoretical substantiation and empirical study of the process of development of psychological readiness of military personnel of tank units of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to perform combat missions.
Psychological readiness of an individual is the main condition for the success of any activity, and it has become especially important nowadays, when tank units are actively involved in repelling the armed aggression of the Russian Federation. In the era of high-precision weapons and rapid development of the military industry, tank battles could be considered secondary, but the tank remains a powerful argument on the battlefield. Today, every soldier defending Ukraine clearly knows that if tanks are nearby, victory is guaranteed. Tank units are a powerful fire support that can stop the aggressor's offensive and defeat his strongest defenses.
At the same time, modern warfare is characterized by the aggressor's intensive use of the latest technologies, unmanned aerial vehicles and strike drones, which make the tank an accessible target on the battlefield. The experience of repelling a large-scale invasion of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation shows the importance of a high level of psychological readiness of the military personnel of tank units for the effective performance of combat missions.
Despite the relevance of the issue of individual psychological readiness for professional activity and the problem of psychological readiness of military personnel of types and branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine being developed, tank units of the Land Forces remain neglected.
The conducted theoretical and methodological analysis has shown that at present there are certain contradictions in the definition of the term "psychological readiness" in connection with specific professional factors and different approaches to understanding its essence and content. Thus, representatives of the functional approach consider psychological readiness as a certain mental state of mobilization of all psychophysiological systems of the individual, a state of conscious activity, which stimulates the individual to activity; supporters of the personal approach explain psychological readiness as a complex personal education, a multifaceted and multi-level structure of qualities, characteristics, states, which is the result of preparation (readiness) for a certain activity; Adherents of the personal-activity approach consider psychological readiness as an inseparable characteristic of an individual who accumulates skills, traits, motives, volitional adaptation, knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the process of becoming a professional.In our opinion, the most promising, justified and complete approach is the personal-activity approach, which is the basis of the study. This approach allowed us to consider psychological readiness as a complex mental education, which reflects the holistic manifestation of professionally important and acquired skills and individual qualities of the person, his values and emotional attitude to professional activity.
It is impossible to study the problems of professional readiness without studying the activity itself and its peculiarities. Therefore, based on the results of the analysis of regulatory documents, a psychological analysis of the professional activity of tank crew members in combat conditions was carried out and its main features were determined:
work in a small group;
involvement of an operator in two systems of interaction: human-human and human-machine;
the prevalence of operational thinking;
the specificity of the operator's workplace (sensory and working field);
mental and physical system stress caused by being in a confined workspace - a tank hull;
ergonomic restrictions (constant vibrations, shocks, smell of grease and exhaust fumes, staying in a confined position);
complexity of sensorimotor actions performed in combination with verbal response;
increased danger to life when crossing water obstacles;
difficulties with rapid evacuation of the crew from the vehicle in the event of a tank being engaged.
All these features of professional activity exist simultaneously and occur in the conditions of combat operations and lack of time.
