In the dissertation work, an actual scientific and applied task was solved, which consisted in increasing the effectiveness of the risk management system of transport enterprises due to the development and improvement of theoretical, methodological provisions and applied models and methods of environmental risk management in projects of the operation of relevant business entities.
The paper analyzes the state of enterprises in the transport industry of Ukraine, considers individual indicators, in particular, financial and economic ones, which characterize their economic activity. It is noted that the instability of the world economy, the economic condition of transport industry enterprises due to the influence of crises and other factors, the evolution of management practices, in particular, project management methodologies, the further spread of the concept of sustainable development determine the need to improve the risk management system of transport enterprise functioning projects to meet the requirements of modernity.
The functioning of transport enterprises is characterized and the features of the risk management system are determined. It is noted that the enterprises of the transport industry, implementing projects in their activities, are under the influence of various risks, the main of which is the environmental risk, the features of which are considered, described and researched in the dissertation work.
It has been found that models and methods of risk management do not meet the modern requirements for conducting economic activities and do not take into account the peculiarities of environmental risk, which limits the range of their application. It is emphasized that environmental risk is complex and therefore requires a detailed analysis taking into account all risk factors. In this case, there is a need to improve the existing risk management toolkit, which would be devoid of identified «bottlenecks».
The author has developed a terminological basis and proposed his own vision of the category «risk», in terms of its essence as a scientific term, which will be characterized by the possibility of underachievement of profits or the occurrence of losses in the event of the influence of uncertainty.
A conceptual model of environmental risk management of projects of transport industry enterprises has been developed, which, unlike the existing ones, due to the synthesis of traditional requirements for project implementation and the characteristics of the sustainable development model, allows to ensure the complexity of the integrated management process of risk management.
The situational method of environmental risk management of projects of the operation of transport enterprises has been improved, which, unlike the existing ones, is based on the use of a foresight approach to determine the level of risk on three horizons (operational, tactical and strategic), signaling probable problem situations in the economic activity of transport enterprises industries that may be caused by one or another risk-factor of the environmental risk of operation projects, and allows to ensure proactive adaptation and flexibility of the risk management system of the business entity in response to its possible impacts.
The structural model of the situational approach to the management of environmental risks of projects of the operation of transport industry enterprises has received further development, which, unlike the existing ones, has two modifications, one of which is provided for risk management at the operational level, and the other - at the tactical and strategic levels, ensuring optimization risk management process with rational use of resources.
The mechanism of the system of risk management of environmental risks of projects of the operation of transport industry enterprises, which, unlike the existing ones, contains in its structure the principles of transition to a circular economy, and also includes the situational method of risk management in the applied toolkit, which ensures compliance with modern development trends, has been further developed management practices of business entities.
Possibilities of practical use of risk management methods and models are given on the example of projects of the functioning of enterprises in the transport industry. The risks of the operation project were determined, their level was calculated using the foresight approach using the PERT model on the operational, tactical and strategic horizons, which made it possible to find out the trends in changing risk factors in the future, determining the need to make appropriate management decisions.
