Dissertation proposes the solution of scientifically applied problem of formation of scientifically grounded principles of ecological optimisation of residential areas in the structure of large cities based on combined use of landscape-ecological approach and analysis of possibilities of use of social-economic mechanisms for the improvement of the quality of urban environment.
The object of the research is a residential territory of large city. The subject of the research is principles and technologies of ecological optimisation of residential areas in structure of large cities.
Research methods: accomplished research is based on a complex of intertwined research methods – deduction and induction, synthesis and comparison, modelling and analysis, systematisation and generalisation, complex use of which envisaged theoretically-methodological approach in studying of scientific literature on the research topic, which purported comprehension of the factual material, formation of the basis for the further research, analysis of concepts, well known methods and proposed theories for the establishment of ways for the solution of researched problem; analysis of experience of ecological optimisation of residential areas in the structure of large cities; expert assessment, observation analysis; expert assessment of existing principles and technologies of ecological optimisation of residential areas in the structure of large cities – with the purpose of determining the level of research topic’s development; research and analytical – for determination of effectiveness of general proposed methods of ecological improvement of residential construction in residential areas within the large cities; statistic methods of analysis of principles of ecological optimisation in the structure of large cities with purpose of determination of quantitative and qualitative properties of residential areas within the large cities, identification of their peculiarities with various methods; graphics-analytical and mapping methods – for the development and execution of practical solutions, related to planning and exploartion of residential areas. Data base for the rationale of concept points of the research is represented by statistical data of exploration of residential areas, empirical data, data from periodicals. For information processing were used methods of analysis, generalisation and comparison, systematic approach, abstact-logical method, economics-statistical and calculations-constructive methods.
Practical significance of the results that were achieved in the research consists in possibility to propose a number of patterns and hypothesis, concerning structural features and processes of large cities residential areas development. Derived data can be used in other branches of scientific research and scientific practice. Ecological optimisation of residential areas of large cities will rationalise the use of territories. Complex of measures for urban-ecological optimisation of residential areas on the level of a city will allow forming a single united space and providing social stability. Identifying class of condition in the process of ecological transformation optimises expenditures for renovation. Adduced in the dissertation recommendations can be used for the development of regulatory document for strategical planning, urban planning, local territorial regulations as well as for the development of the projects for complex and local ecological optimisation of residential areas of the territories of large cities. The research represents objective basis for the achievement of balances development of residential areas of large cities and improvement of the residents’ life.
The dissertation accomplishes the development of methods and techniques for execution of urban-ecological optimisation of residential areas within the large cities based on exploration of existing factors and international experience; presents the development of the scheme of placement of large cities residential areas optimisation zones including contact and depth zones; accomplishes the modelling of ecological framework components structure and establishes techniques of their organisation within residential areas of large cities.
The classification of green territories was improved with development of analysis technique that takes in account urban regulations for each type of large cities residential areas; the hierarchy of large cities residential areas classes was significantly expanded, which allowed more realistic modelling of interaction of separate locations with themselves and with their environment.
Accomplished an improvement of research risks, risks factors and large cities residential areas anthropogenic transformation assessment criteria.
Proposed techniques and methods are introduced into curriculum of the faculty department of theory, history of architecture and synthesis of arts.
