Popova S. Increasing the efficiency of physical training of qualified dancers based on the use of modern fitness technologies

Dance sport researchers have identified quantitative and qualitative characteristics of training loads that influence the development of the leading properties of functional fitness, namely fast kinetics, steady state and sustainable development of reactions in conditions of fatigue compensation. In the modern literature, they are considered as a tool for overcoming the existing contradictions between the unique structure and content of training of dancers and the means of physical training in dance sport. In this sense, fitness technologies are of particular interest, as they form important prerequisites for the successful demonstration of technical, artistic and choreographic skills under conditions of physiological stress of training and competitive loads typical for dance sport. The aim of the study is to improve the physical training of qualified dancers based on the use of fitness technologies. Objectives of the study: 1. To substantiate the system of improvement of physical training in dance sport on the basis of introduction of modern fitness technologies. 2. To systematise means of fitness technologies according to the functional orientation of functional support of competitive activity in sports dances. To substantiate possibilities of their programmatic use in structures of an annual cycle of preparation. 3. To substantiate, to develop and to experimentally test the programme of physical training of qualified sportsmen-dancers on the basis of the use of modern fitness technologies. 4. To justify possibilities of complex and differentiated application of specialised modules according to the target guidelines of the training process during the annual cycle of preparation. Methods of the research. Theoretical research methods: analysis of special literature and Internet sources, analysis, synthesis, systematisation. Survey and conversation. Monitoring of competitive activity. Pedagogical experiment with the use of means of control of functional possibilities and competitive activity. Methods of mathematical statistics. The scientific novelty of the research is that: - For the first time the methodological principles of using fitness technologies to improve the physical and special training of dancers are substantiated. They are based on the definition of the functional orientation of fitness technologies, the definition of physiological stress of the load, tempo-rhythmic structure and psycho-emotional saturation of competitive activity in dance sport; - for the first time the means of fitness technologies are systematised and implemented on the basis of determining the functional orientation of competitive activity of dancers. The means aimed at the development of neurodynamic functions, cardiorespiratory system and musculoskeletal system reactions were selected; - For the first time, a programme of physical training for dancers based on fitness technology modules was developed. The principles of their systematic implementation in the structure of special training of dancers are substantiated; - for the first time the possibilities of complex and differentiated application of specialised modules of fitness technologies in accordance with the target guidelines of the training process during the annual training cycle are substantiated. Practical significance of the data obtained. For the first time the normative parameters of functional fitness, which form a specialised orientation of management of training and competitive loads aimed at the development of stability of functional support of special working capacity, were introduced into the practice of training of dancers. Scientific and methodological principles of fitness technologies implementation are based on the modern foundations of sports theory, theory and methods of training dancers and sports biology. The leading tool for the introduction of fitness technologies is the implementation of the structure "control - modelling - programming" as an integrated component of the management of physical and special training of qualified dancers. The systematic introduction of modern fitness technologies is a significant reserve for the formation of functional reserves of dancers, taking into account the physiological stress of competitive loads and highly specialised components of technical, artistic and choreographic fitness.