Kopylov K. Genetic component of agroecosystems by the example of various breeds of cattle.

Data on differences on domesticated species from closely related wild ones in terms of the advantege of fragments of a short length in amplification spectra of DNA fragments flanking by invert repeats of trinucleotide microsatellite loci (ISSR-PCR markers) were obtained for the first time. The largest quantity of ISSR-PCR markers were observed when trinucleotide microsatellite loci, belonging to purine - perimydine sequences, were used as primers. A likeness between representatives Ungulata and Delphinidae on number of molecular - genetic markers was revealed for the first time. The level of the average heterozygosity in cattle was related with the peculiarities of conditions of animal's breeding rather than their appertain to farm or autochthonous breeds. The likeness between genetic structures of breeds, in particular, the gray Ukrainian breed, to breeds adapted for extreme breeding conditions and to certain intrabreed groups reproduced under conditions of a high level of man-caused pollution, makesit possible to assume that autochthon breeds need less transformations in the course of their population-genetic adaptation to unfavourable breeding conditions, and this should be taken into account in forming stable agroecosystems.