Nedbaylo K. Parts of Speech Transposition in Translation from English into Ukrainian (on the Material of Fiction)

translation transformations which is used with the aim of achieving communicative, semantic and expressive adequacy of translation and is defined as a translation transformation presupposing a change in the part of speech or grammatical category characteristics of the lexical unit in the target text. It causes both a transition from one morphological category into the other within the same part of speech (incomplete transposition) and a transition of a word into another part of speech as a result of translation (complete transposition). All cases of intercategorial transpositions in translation are considered as incomplete transpositions. Lexico-semantic and syntactical transformations of the corresponding language units take place in the case of complete transposition, except for transitions of a word from one part of speech into another. Different levels of language during the process of transposition interact and are interrelated. The translator of fiction is not so limited in resources as the translator of texts of other genres. This is why parts of speech translation transpositions are observed more often in the translation of fiction, as the aim of literary translation is not merely the achievement of meaning equivalence, but also the emotional impact on the reader. Grammar, word-formation, lexico-semantic, genre and stylistic reasons of transpositions were determined. Such reasons are accounted for by differences of English and Ukrainian language systems and peculiarities of communication in English and Ukrainian. These reasons determine the necessity of transpositions to observe lexical and grammatical standards of the target language in the process of translation. Transpositions of nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs which reflect systemic connections of different morphological units in the translation of texts from English into Ukrainian were researched. As a result of translation, English nouns in the majority of cases may turn into verbs in the target text, as the dynamism, associated with them, is a characteristic feature of literary texts. Transpositions of nouns into adjectives are rather frequent, too. Transpositions of nouns into adverbs and pronouns were also observed.