Pilyugin A. Stereomorphological features of the duct system of palatal, lip and lachrymal glands of man and their blood microcirculatory system

The investigation object: laws of the stereomorphology of exocrine glands. The investigation goal: to determine the laws and specific features of the spatial organisation of excretory channel system and their syntopy with the capacitor links of the haemomicrocirculatory channels (HMCC) of the minor salivary and lachrymal glands of the human. Methods of research: morphological (spatial reconstructions), macro- and microscopic, histological, immunohistochemical, morphometrical methods of research with the corresponding mathematical analysis. Theoretical and practical value of the obtained results: The main statements of the work expand the existing concepts about the morphology of the minor salivary and lachrymal glands, substantially supplementing the data of the literature. Results of the research deepen the data on structure and function of these glands, their microcirculatory channels and can be used for the interpretation of changes in them during pathological processes, and also while editing manuals on anatomy and histology. The formulated conclusions promote the establishment of the general biological laws and principles of the exocrine gland structural organisation, and of their peculiarities. Scientific novelty of the obtained results: for the first time the comparative study of the three-dimensional organisation of the system of the excretory channels of the most numerous (palatal and lip) minor salivary glands and lachrymal gland of the human was made. For the first time the data on their laws and structure features, on the dynamics of the morphometrical parameters of the excretory channels and their microanatomic mutual relationships with the venous vessels of the HMCC were obtained. For the first time by the means of stereological methods it is stated that the integrating component for the tubulo-alveolar epithelial formations of the sublobular units of the lachrymal gland is one of the axial branchings of the intralobular channel and the HMCC venous link corresponding to it. For the first time the assumption was made is come out that the revealed in the systems of excretory channels of the investigated and compared glands general biological laws (alternation of the ampoule widenings and strongly expressed narrowings, helical bends, sharp direction changes), along with myoepithelium cell presence in the walls of the channels, can be the morphological factors influencing advancement of secret in the channels. For the first time by means of the stereological methods of research on three-dimensional plastic reconstructions of the excretory channels their close topographical communication with the venous microvessels are demonstratively shown. The degree of implementation: the received results are introduced into the educational process and scientific work on human anatomy, histology, cytology and embryology, operative surgery and topographical anatomy chairs of the Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», on the chairs of human anatomy of the Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy, Kharkiv National and Luhans’k State medical universities. The received results of research also can be used while editing of manuals on anatomy and histology.