Vishnevskiy V. The Problems of the Elementary School in Spyrydon Cherkasenko's Heritage

The research object was the activity of the representatives of the Ukrainian pedagogical idea which dates to the middle of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century. The subjects of the investigation were S. Cherkasenko pedagogical ideas and public enlightening activity. The research methods. The theoretical methods of the investigation were the following: an analysis, a synthesis, a comparison, a classification of the historical facts and processes taking into account the modern development of the pedagogical science, the systematization; chronological, concrete-searching, historical and structural, biographical and retrospective historical methods, the method of the synthetical approach, the interpretation and generalization of the analyzed works turned out to be useful in the investigation. The observational methods such as the analysis of memoirs, letters and diaries, photographs and works of the private collections were applied in the research. The novelty of the research is grounded on the fact that for the first time there was realized an attempt of the complex analysis of S. Cherkasenko's heritage in the context of the reformation of the national elementary education. There was revealed S. Cherkasenko's scientific position about the aim, tasks and content of the teaching and educational process in the Ukrainian elementary school and his point of view which concerns the matter of the teaching training. The basic factors of the formation of S. Cherkasenko's prominent pedagogical ideology (such as a family, the social surrounding, the cultural and educational surrounding of the Noviy Bug teacher's seminary, working at schools of Katerynoslavshchyna, the cooperation with foreign teachers) were characterized. The content of the principal direction of S. Cherkasenko's activity (methodological, publishing and pedagogical work, the public enlightement) was theoretically proved in the dissertation. S. Cherkasenko's scientific and pedagogical activity was divided into periods in the following way: I - is a literary period, II - is a pedagogical period, III - is a public enlightening period. S. Cherkasenko's role in solving problems of the elementary education and textbooks composing of the for the elementary schools was discovered; the educational and pedagogical potential and the pedagogical content of the textbooks was formulated; the facility of the adaptation of S. Cherkasenko's didactic heritage was determined in the dissertation. The concept "pedagogical" and "enlightening" activity was specified and concretized in the context of S. Cherkasenko's heritage. The investigation of S. Cherkasenko's role in the reformation of the national elementary system of education in Ukraine gained the posterior development. The results of dissertation research can be drawn on during organization and realization of educational process in higher educational establishments, professional preparation of future teachers of initial classes in the process of pedagogical disciplines study. Area - general pedagogics and history of pedagogics.