This thesis highlights the detective as a type of text through an integrated translational analysis at the textual level, which allowed to determine the invariant / divergent text-typological characteristics of selected subtypes of the detective text that create textgenerating core, which served as a model of translation of those text subtypes. The functioning of the symbols in source texts and peculiarities of their transcoding in target texts of classic and hard-boiled detective subtypes were analysed. The invariant/divergent text-level features distinguished in chronotopic, characterological, composite contexts of the classic English detective texts. The invariant features of chronotopic context are: chronotopic introduction at the beginning of narration, retrospection, space detailing. The invariant features of characterological context are: strengthened contrasting of main antipode characters, laconic description of minor characters. Among the divergent features are: suddenness of major character introduction, author's "admiration at the criminal", contrasted images creation. It was proved that the preservance of the above-mentioned features serves for adequate target text. In the thesis it was elucidated that the plot-compositional features in classic detective subtype reflect author's idiostyle. It has been stated that detective as a regimented type of text requires a clear reproduction of the author's sat composite elements, which carry important informative and idiostylistic load and link the semantic content of the text, that's why the elimination and inadequate reproduction of necessary steps of composition can significantly harm the correct reader's reception of the detective text and destroy the author's conception. The types of symbols, which construct the symbolic implication of G.K. Chesterton's classic detective texts, were outlined: space symbols, colour symbols, portrait symbols. It was proved that correct decoding of symbols and their adequate reproduction give the reader a powerful block of prognostic information, prevent the levelling of the plot-important compositional elements of classic detective text and distortion of its plot components. The invariant/divergent text-level features in chronotopic, characterological, composite contexts of the American hard-boiled detective texts were denoted. The invariant features of chronotopic context are: space detailing, abruptness of time line flow, time-and-space conditionality of the narration tempo. The divergent feature is time through space representation. The invariant features of characterological context are: mosaic marking of characters, iconic marking of characters, photographic detailing of episodic personages, mediated personages' characteristic. The divergent feature is personages' self-characteristic. The necessity of adequate translation of above-mentioned features was proved. The attention was also focused on the need of adequate reproduction of headlines of hard-boiled detective texts of R. Chandler, which has been conditioned by their reinforced foregrounding, entailing composition and idiostylistic features of texts by definite author. The types of symbols, which construct the symbolic implication of R. Chandler's hard-boiled detective texts, were outlined: space symbols and portrait symbols. It is maintained that the transcoding of symbols serve for saving the symbolic implication of the source text. Key words: detective as a text type, the classic English detective story, the American hard-boiled detective story, the source text, the target text, invariant features, divergent features, adequate translation, symbols transcoding.
